Arctic Science and Arctic Politics Under Soviet Power, 1930-1990

研究科学技术在苏联征服俄罗斯北极地区中的作用，对于科学技术史学家、环境史学家、科学家、社会科学家和政策制定者都具有重要意义。考虑到正在进行的第三个国际极地年和弗拉基米尔普京总统最近对北极和北冰洋大部分地区的主权要求，这是及时的。它将阐明帝国与科学、中心与边缘的关系以及普遍科学与地方知识之间的紧张关系。具体而言，它将有助于理解政治，经济和意识形态如何塑造苏联科学技术。本项目将解决以下问题：共产党官员和科学家在多大程度上对科学是什么以及如何最好地支持科学有着共同的目标和理解？马克思主义、科学和技术是如何联合收割机创造出改造遥远北方的城市和工业努力的？苏联对自然、北方和土著民族的概念是什么？现代科技如何为帝国建设服务？这些问题都是以下统一问题的各个方面：苏联的军事，经济和政治需求如何塑造北极科学和技术？ 该项目将产生若干出版物，不仅对历史学家，而且对决策者都有极大的兴趣。一些出版物将涉及“连续性和变化：俄罗斯在北极的科学和政治在21世纪。“在分析北方研究和发展机构的建立、与之相关的城市和工业的建设以及水文学、气象学、林业和冶金学等科学领域的建立时，将查阅档案材料、访谈和各种出版物。

The study of the role of science and technology in the conquest of the Russian Arctic under Soviet power has great significance for historians of science and technology, environmental historians, scientists, social scientists and policy makers. It is timely given the ongoing third International Polar Year and President Vladimir Putin's recent claims to the North Pole and a large part of the Arctic Ocean. It will shed light on questions of empire and science, center-periphery relations, and the tension between universal science and local knowledge. Specifically, it will contribute significantly to understanding how politics, economics and ideology shaped Soviet science and technology. The following questions will be addressed in this project: To what extent did the Communist officials and scientists share goals and understandings of what science was and how best to support it? How did Marxism, science and technology combine to create the urban, industrial effort to transform the far north? What were Soviet conceptions of nature, the north, and indigenous peoples? How do modern science and technology serve empire building? These questions are all facets to the following unifying question: How did Soviet military, economic and political desiderata shape arctic science and technology? The project will result in several publications of great interest not only to historians but to policy makers. Several of the publications will deal with "Continuity and Change: Russian Science and Politics in the Arctic in the Twenty-first Century." Archival materials, interviews, and various publications will be consulted in analysis of the founding of the research and development apparatus in the north, the construction of cities and industries connected with them, and the establishment of such fields of science as hydrology and hydrography, meteorology, forestry, and metallurgy.