Reprogramming of tRNAs in virulence of plant pathogenic Rhodococcus

植物病原红球菌毒力中 tRNA 的重编程

• 批准号: 2020451
• 负责人: Jeffrey Chang
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2020451&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Reprogramming; tRNAs; virulence; plant; pathogenic

The overarching goal of this project is to understand the mechanisms by which bacteria cause disease to plants. This project focuses on one group of bacteria, called Rhodococcus. Most bacteria are not pathogenic to plants and are associated with beneficial effects, such as promoting growth of plants and protecting them from disease caused by other pathogens. However, Rhodococcus can acquire extra DNA called plasmids that transition them to being pathogenic. Hence, genes on these plasmids are critical for these bacteria to cause disease, which is typically associated with disfigured growth. This disease results in millions of dollars of damage to US agriculture. By understanding how plasmid-borne genes function and manipulate the genome of the bacteria to cause disease, this project will inform on strategies to help US growers mitigate disease risks. As part of the project, there will be two outreach components designed to address goals of increasing participation by underrepresented students. Summer biology camps will be delivered to high school students to learn the scientific process and give them a college experience. Long-term, mentored research opportunities will be provided to undergraduate students to help prepare them for careers in the sciences.Virulence plasmids are necessary and sufficient to transition Rhodococcus to being a pathogen of plants. Two plasmid loci have been identified as necessary. The fasR locus encodes a transcription factor. The fas locus encodes proteins implicated in the metabolism of cytokinins. The regulon of fasR remains unknown. In contrast, a long-standing hypothesis suggests that cytokinins, which are best known as plant growth promoting hormones, are synthesized by microbes to directly manipulate plant hosts. Research will test an alternative hypothesis that plasmid-encoded genes and cytokinins coopt and reprogram chromosomal genes for virulence. Three aims are designed to determine the necessity and sufficiency of genes in pathogenesis, understand how virulence genes are regulated, and test the role of cytokinins in regulating virulence of bacterial pathogens. To accomplish these aims, the project will use molecular genetic approaches and whole transcriptomics as well as proteomics studies to uncover how plasmid borne virulence genes alter the expression patterns of chromosomal genes to cause disease to plants.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目的总体目标是了解细菌引起植物的机制。该项目着重于一组细菌，称为Rhodocococcus。大多数细菌对植物不是致病性，并且与有益作用有关，例如促进植物的生长并保护其免受其他病原体引起的疾病。但是，犀牛可以获取额外的DNA称为质粒，将其转变为致病性。因此，这些质粒上的基因对这些细菌引起疾病至关重要，这通常与毁容的生长有关。这种疾病会对美国农业造成数百万美元的损害。通过了解质粒 - 传播基因的功能并操纵细菌引起疾病的基因组，该项目将为我们的种植者减轻疾病风险提供策略的告知。作为该项目的一部分，将有两个宣传组件旨在解决代表不足的学生参与的目标。夏季生物学营地将分配给高中生，以学习科学过程并为他们提供大学经验。长期的指导研究机会将提供给本科生，以帮助他们为科学的职业做好准备。质质粒是必要的，足以将犀牛转变为植物的病原体。已经确定了两个质粒基因座。 FASR基因座编码转录因子。 FAS基因座编码与细胞分裂素代谢有关的蛋白质。 FASR的法规仍然未知。相比之下，一个长期的假设表明，最著名的促进植物生长激素的细胞分裂素是由微生物合成的，以直接操纵植物宿主。研究将检验一个替代假设，即质粒编码的基因和细胞分裂素库克以及重编程染色体基因毒力。三个目标旨在确定基因在发病机理中的必要性和充分性，了解如何调节毒力基因，并测试细胞分裂素在调节细菌病原体毒力中的作用。为了实现这些目的，该项目将使用分子遗传学方法和整个转录组学以及蛋白质组学研究来发现质粒传播的毒力基因如何改变染色体基因的表达模式，以使植物疾病引起植物的疾病。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的Merit和Broadial and Intfactial and Intfactial and Intfactial and Intfactia和Broadia and tocriatial and Broadia and Intfactia and Broadia and Broadia and Broadia and trobleit and tocriatial和BroadIlal and trobleit and trobleit and trobleit。