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Collaborative Research: Characterizing microbial transformation of marine DOM at the molecular level using untargeted metabolomic

合作研究：利用非靶向代谢组学在分子水平上表征海洋 DOM 的微生物转化

基本信息

批准号：
2023509
负责人：
Lihini Aluwihare
金额：
$ 48.51万
依托单位：
University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-09-01 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2023509&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Characterizing microbial transformation

项目摘要

Collaborative Research: Characterizing microbial transformation of marine dissolved organic matter at the molecular level using untargeted metabolomicsDissolved organic matter is an important component of the global carbon cycle. Dissolved organic matter provides food and energy for microbes living in the ocean and influences microbial diversity. Microbes convert some dissolved organic matter to CO2 (respiration) whereas other forms of dissolved organic matter are altered by microbial processes and persist in the ocean. Thus, it is important to understand how microbes change dissolved organic matter composition and reactivity. This project will examine the chemical structure of dissolved organic matter to identify: 1) molecules that fulfill carbon demand (biomass produced minus losses from respiration) and 2) transformation processes that result from microbial activity. The project will combine lab experiments and field studies at the Moorea Coral Reef Long Term Ecological Research site. The project will support training for three graduate students in marine biogeochemistry. Undergraduate training is aimed at sustained mentoring of underrepresented minority (URM) students. Undergraduates will be recruited from existing programs at Minority Serving Institutions at San Diego State University and the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. Undergraduates will participate in the Scripps Institution of Oceanography SURF Research Experiences for Undergraduates program, where they will conduct research in marine chemistry. The goal is to provide a mentoring approach that can successfully overcome roadblocks to URM engagement in STEM and increase retention of these students in marine science.This work will combine field and lab studies using advanced molecular-level chemical characterization tools to explore how bacteria alter the composition and bioreactivity of organic compounds dissolved in seawater. Additionally, this project will develop informatics-based tools to identify a larger proportion of chemical structures in marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) than is currently possible using traditional approaches. The project will use tandem mass spectrometry and networking techniques to comprehensively classify organic compounds into molecular families and determine common chemical transformations. Then, using a well-developed field-based experimental ecosystem to produce diverse labile DOM pools the research team will track microbial transformation using expression of hydrolytic enzymes and measure selection for particular microbial taxa and metabolisms. This approach defines the reactivity of individual molecules and broader compound classes participating in carbon fluxes that underpin DOM-microbe interactions. Field surveys conducted within the Moorea Coral Reef Long Term Ecological Research program will explore methods to track transformation of specific molecules in the environment and validate experimental observations of compound classes that appear to accumulate as semi-labile DOM. By integrating laboratory and field experiments and oceanographic surveys with the refinement of analytical tools for untargeted metabolomics, this project will characterize the fate of reactive DOM in the ocean.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

合作研究：利用非靶向代谢组学在分子水平上表征海洋溶解有机物的微生物转化溶解有机物是全球碳循环的重要组成部分。溶解有机物为生活在海洋中的微生物提供食物和能量，并影响微生物多样性。微生物将一些溶解的有机物转化为二氧化碳（呼吸），而其他形式的溶解的有机物被微生物过程改变并在海洋中持续存在。因此，了解微生物如何改变溶解有机物的组成和反应性是很重要的。该项目将研究溶解有机物的化学结构，以确定：1）满足碳需求的分子（产生的生物量减去呼吸损失）和2）由微生物活动引起的转化过程。该项目将结合联合收割机实验室实验和实地研究在莫雷阿珊瑚礁长期生态研究网站。该项目将支持培训三名海洋生物地球化学研究生。本科生培训的目的是持续指导代表性不足的少数民族学生。本科生将从圣地亚哥州立大学和夏威夷大学马诺阿分校少数民族服务机构的现有项目中招募。本科生将参加斯克里普斯海洋学研究所SURF本科生研究经验计划，在那里他们将进行海洋化学研究。目标是提供一种指导方法，可以成功地克服障碍，URM参与STEM和提高这些学生在海洋科学的保留。这项工作将结合联合收割机现场和实验室研究，使用先进的分子水平的化学表征工具，探索细菌如何改变溶解在海水中的有机化合物的组成和生物活性。此外，该项目将开发基于信息的工具，以确定海洋溶解有机物（DOM）中比目前使用传统方法可能的更大比例的化学结构。该项目将使用串联质谱和联网技术，将有机化合物全面分类为分子家族，并确定常见的化学转化。然后，使用一个成熟的基于现场的实验生态系统来产生不同的不稳定DOM池，研究小组将使用水解酶的表达来跟踪微生物转化，并测量特定微生物类群和代谢的选择。这种方法定义了参与碳通量的单个分子和更广泛的化合物类别的反应性，这些碳通量是DOM-微生物相互作用的基础。在莫雷阿珊瑚礁长期生态研究计划内进行的实地调查将探索跟踪环境中特定分子转化的方法，并验证似乎积累为半不稳定DOM的化合物类的实验观察结果。通过将实验室和现场实验以及海洋学调查与非目标代谢组学分析工具的改进相结合，该项目将表征海洋中活性DOM的命运。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。