RAPID: Collaborative: REACT: Real-time Contact Tracing and Risk Monitoring via Privacy-enhanced Mobile Tracking

RAPID：协作：REACT：通过隐私增强型移动跟踪进行实时接触者追踪和风险监控

基本信息

批准号：
2027794
负责人：
Cyrus Shahabi
金额：
$ 6.72万
依托单位：
University of Southern California
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-05-01 至 2022-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2027794&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RAPID Collaborative REACT Real time

项目摘要

Contact tracing is critical for controlling epidemic disease outbreaks such as the fast-growing COVID-19 pandemic. Real-time location traces of individuals can be used to significantly speed up and scale up contact tracing. However, such use also heightens concerns on individual privacy and data abuse. Urgency of the COVID-19 pandemic requires a careful balance of privacy protection with public health benefits. This project aims to develop techniques and a mobile application, REACT, for REAal-time Contact Tracing and risk monitoring via privacy-enhanced tracking of users' locations and symptoms. To enhance privacy, users can control and refine the frequency and granularity with which their information will be collected and used. REACT will enable: 1) contact tracing of individuals and locations that a confirmed case has contact with for quarantine and decontamination to control further spread, 2) individual risk monitoring based on the locations they visit and their contact with others so they can be informed and alerted; and 3) community risk monitoring and detection of early signals of community spread to prepare for larger-scale infections. The project will develop and study: 1) efficient and scalable data structures and algorithms for contact tracing queries given a large number of users and multi-resolution location traces; 2) a learning-based approach for modeling users’ risks in real time; 3) a social network sensors approach for monitoring the community risk, and 4) a multi-stage privacy approach where users can upload generalized locations to receive alerts and more precise locations when they are notified as possible contacts with confirmed cases for refinement and confirmation. More rigorous privacy enhancements will be studied including location perturbation based on geo-indistinguishability and its variants and searchable encryption for contact tracing on encrypted locations. In addition, the project includes a set of dissemination and education activities: 1) releasing a mobile app with open-source system components; 2) investigating privacy-preserving mechanisms to share the collected data for research studies; and 3) integrating the research in classes and organizing seminar series and tutorials to promote the interdisciplinary research area.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

接触追踪对于控制流行病爆发（例如快速增长的Covid-19-19大流行）至关重要。个体的实时位置轨迹可用于显着加快和扩展触点跟踪。但是，这种使用也加剧了人们对个人隐私和数据滥用的担忧。 COVID-19大流行的紧迫性需要仔细的隐私保护与公共卫生福利。该项目旨在开发技术和移动应用程序，反应，以通过对用户位置和症状的隐私增强跟踪来追踪和风险监测。为了增强隐私，用户可以控制和完善收集和使用信息的频率和粒度。 REACT将启用：1）与确认案件与隔离和去污以控制进一步传播的个人和位置的接触跟踪，2）根据他们访问的位置以及与他人的联系，可以告知和提醒他们的个人风险监控； 3）社区风险监测和检测社区传播的早期信号，以准备大规模的感染。该项目将开发和研究：1）鉴于大量用户和多分辨率位置痕迹，用于接触跟踪查询的有效且可扩展的数据结构和算法； 2）一种基于学习的方法，用于实时建模用户的风险； 3）一种社交网络传感器来监视社区风险的方法，以及4）一种多阶段隐私方法，当用户可以将通用位置上传以接收警报和更精确的位置，并在将其作为可能的与确认的案例接触以进行改进和确认。将研究更严格的隐私性增强功能，包括基于地理位置可区分性及其变体和可搜索的加密的位置扰动，以在加密位置进行接触跟踪。此外，该项目还包括一组传播和教育活动：1）使用开源系统组件发布一个移动应用程序； 2）研究保护隐私的机制，以共享收集的研究数据； 3）将研究整合到班级，组织开创性系列和教程以促进跨学科研究领域。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被认为是通过评估来获得的支持。