RAPID: Development of an Interactive Web-based Dashboard to Track COVID-19 in Real-time

p此快速反应研究（RAPID）拨款将用于支持由约翰霍普金斯大学系统科学与工程中心（CSSE）托管的COVID-19在线互动仪表板的管理和开发。该仪表板于2020年1月22日首次公开发布，以实时可视化和跟踪COVID-19疫情，此后一直是COVID-19疫情爆发至今期间COVID-19流行病学数据的主要集中来源。仪表板显示了所有受影响国家的确诊病例、死亡和康复的地点和数量，并随时间增加了其他功能。此外，所有收集和显示的数据都免费提供给研究人员，公共卫生机构和公众在GitHub存储库中，沿着仪表板的功能层。在疫情爆发的最初阶段，这些数据的可用性使公共卫生和研究界能够实施建模工具，特别是在疫情爆发的最早阶段，当更正式的情况报告滞后时，用于估计传播和传播的参数的校准，从而更好地了解早期的疾病特征，从而可以根据证据做出决策。此外，公共卫生界的成员，包括世界各地的国家和地方政府组织和公共卫生办公室，继续依赖仪表板进行有关公共安全的通知，规划和决策，例如临床人员配备和资源分配。pp鉴于该仪表板迄今为止的受欢迎程度和影响，有必要继续对其进行维护，并进一步增强其能力。具体而言，这包括收集和管理过程，以从更广泛的来源获取数据，从而提高报告的空间分辨率（理想情况下达到城市一级）。 引入更多功能，包括与健康有关的背景和所列数据和信息的置信度措施，将增加仪表板在支持认识和决策方面的效用。 额外的模型和分析研究和开发将加强检测和分类，更广泛地说，从所有来源的健康相关数据中确定关注事件的相对风险。从长远来看，与这一发展相关的系统工程活动将确保在下一次潜在的大流行之前建立、审查和充分利用持久的能力。因此，研究工作对于为未来的公共卫生事件提供早期预警系统至关重要，并有助于为当前和未来的疫情控制措施提供信息。pp该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。/ p

pThis Rapid Response Research (RAPID) grant will be used to support the management and development of the COVID-19 online interactive dashboard hosted by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University. The dashboard was first released publicly on January 22, 2020 to visualize and track the COVID-19 outbreak in real-time, and has since served as the prominent centralized source of COVID-19 epidemiological data throughout the COVID-19 outbreak to date. The dashboard illustrates the location and number of confirmed cases, deaths and recoveries for all affected countries, with additional features added over time. Further, all the data collected and displayed is made freely available to researchers, public health authorities and the general public in a GitHub repository, along with the feature layers of the dashboard. The availability of this data at the initial stages of the outbreak enabled the public health and research community to implement modeling tools, specifically the calibration of parameters for estimating transmission and spread at the earliest stages of the outbreak, when more formal situation reports were lagging, and thus gain a better understanding of the disease characteristics early on, which allowed for evidenced based decision making. Further, members of the public health community, including national and local level governmental organizations and public health offices around the world, continue to rely on the dashboard for informing, planning, and decision making regarding public safety, such as clinical staffing and resource allocation./ppGiven the popularity and impact of the dashboard to date, there is a need to continue to maintain it, and further build out its capabilities. Specifically, this includes the collection and curation process to capture data from a broader set of sources, enabling an increase in the spatial resolution (ideally to the city level) of the reporting. Introduction of additional features, including health-related context and confidence measures for the data and information presented, will increase the dashboard's utility in supporting awareness and decision-making. Additional model and analytic research and development will enhance detection and classification, and more broadly, relative risk determination of events of concern from all sourced health related data. Longer term, systems engineering activities associated with this development will ensure an enduring capability established, vetted, and well-used prior to the next potential pandemic. Thus, the research efforts are critical to provide an early-warning system for future public health events, and help inform control measures in the current and future outbreaks./ppThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria./p