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Neurobiology of context-dependent extinction learning: modulation by multiple extinction contexts and cortisol

情境依赖性消退学习的神经生物学：多种消退情境和皮质醇的调节

基本信息

批准号：
244576242
负责人：
Privatdozentin Dr. Andrea Margarete Hermann
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl Kognitionspsychologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/244576242?language=en
关键词：
Neurobiology context dependent extinction learning

项目摘要

Although cognitive behavioral therapy constitutes a prosperous possibility to treat anxiety disorders, relapses with a return of fear are often observed. Difficulties in the generalization of achieved successes to situations outside of the therapy context play an important role within this framework. Analogous to this return of fear, numerous animal and human experiments in the context of fear conditioning have shown that the use of a new, unfamiliar spatial context compared to the extinction context leads to an enhanced return of conditioned fear during extinction recall. This so-called renewal of conditioned fear is on the neuronal level particularly represented in hippocampus mediated processes. To the end that the return of fear should be reduced in clinical settings, the development of interventions that decrease context-dependent renewal carries great weight. Previous studies found that the use of multiple contexts during extinction learning provides a promising possibility. Further studies point to the importance of cortisol for the reduction of context-dependent (hippocampus mediated) learning. But to date, only little to nothing is known about the neuronal mechanisms underlying these interventions that modulate context-dependent extinction learning. The aim of this combined research project is to investigate the modulation of renewal processes by multiple contexts and cortisol on the electrodermal and the neuronal level. In two functional magnetic resonance tomography studies, the influence of the use of multiple contexts compared to only one extinction context (study 1) as well as the administration of cortisol (30mg hydrocortisone) compared to placebo (study 2) on the renewal of conditioned electrodermal and neuronal reactions during extinction recall will be explored. We hypothesize that multiple extinction contexts as well as cortisol will lead to a reduction of renewal in a new and unfamiliar context due to the modulation of hippocampus mediated neuronal processes. Besides, we are aiming at identifying potential factors (e.g. hippocampal volume) related to individual differences in renewal and the modulation of renewal. The results of these studies could make a major contribution to a better understanding of the neurobiological basis underlying the generalization of therapy success to new contexts. In the long run, a better knowledge of relevant influential factors and of underlying (neuronal) processes will contribute to the optimization of existing and the development of new interventions concerning the generalization of extinction.

虽然认知行为疗法构成了一个繁荣的可能性，以治疗焦虑症，复发与恐惧的回报，经常观察到。在这一框架内，将取得的成功推广到治疗背景之外的情况的困难发挥了重要作用。与这种恐惧的回归类似，在恐惧条件反射的背景下进行的许多动物和人类实验表明，与灭绝背景相比，使用新的、不熟悉的空间背景会导致在灭绝回忆期间条件反射恐惧的回归增强。这种所谓的条件恐惧的更新是在神经元水平上，特别是在海马介导的过程中。为了在临床环境中减少恐惧的回归，减少情境依赖性更新的干预措施的发展具有很大的重要性。先前的研究发现，在灭绝学习过程中使用多个上下文提供了一种有希望的可能性。进一步的研究指出皮质醇对于减少情境依赖（海马介导）学习的重要性。但到目前为止，对这些干预措施调节情境依赖性消退学习的神经机制知之甚少。这个联合研究项目的目的是调查更新过程的调制多种情况下和皮质醇的皮肤电和神经元水平。在两项功能性磁共振断层扫描研究中，将探索使用多种情境与仅一种消退情境（研究1）相比以及给予皮质醇（30 mg氢化可的松）与安慰剂（研究2）相比对消退回忆期间条件皮肤电和神经元反应更新的影响。我们假设，多个灭绝的情况下，以及皮质醇将导致减少更新在一个新的和不熟悉的情况下，由于调制海马介导的神经元过程。此外，我们的目标是确定潜在的因素（如海马体积）有关的个体差异的更新和更新的调制。这些研究的结果可以为更好地理解将治疗成功推广到新环境的神经生物学基础做出重大贡献。从长远来看，更好地了解相关的影响因素和潜在的（神经元）过程将有助于优化现有的和新的干预措施的发展有关灭绝的泛化。