FMSG: Biologically Assembled and Recycled Construction and Structural Materials (BRICS)

水泥和混凝土建筑材料在建筑环境中无处不在，但需要高能量、时间、劳动力和材料资源来制造。水泥生产需要高温处理，并与人为碳排放量的5- 9%有关。 混凝土包括水泥、细骨料和粗骨料，需要的材料越来越少。 大多数水泥和混凝土建筑材料不能重复使用或回收。 在这个未来制造种子资助（FMSG）项目中，研究人员将开发可重复使用和可回收的模块化建筑材料，这些材料是由微生物通过生物矿化和生物胶结过程生产的。 研究生和本科生将参加这个项目，并在生态制造，土木工程，材料科学和微生物学的跨学科培训。 高中教师也将参与该研究项目，并将开发基于生物融合的课堂活动。 K-12课堂材料将得到广泛传播。 此外，还将开发生态制造的教学材料，并分发给当地社区大学。研究人员将探索建筑和基础设施材料生态制造新模式的第一步，克服传统混凝土制造对材料、时间、能源和劳动力的高需求。他们将使用微生物来构建，可逆地互锁（使再利用），分解和回收模块化建筑材料（MBM）。这些MBM可以组装起来建造承重结构和基础设施。当这些结构不再需要时，MBM可以被分离，然后在不同的结构中再次互锁，或者被分解并回收用于下一代MBM。在这项种子资助中，研究人员将探索四个主要挑战，以确定生态制造建筑材料中微生物的潜力：（1）使用真菌和/或细菌构建MBM，（2）使用生物矿物胶可逆地互锁MBM，（3）使用真菌代谢将MBM分解成它们的组分，及（4）将组件循环再造为新的制造业物料。此项目由工程局土木、机械及制造业创新部、促进竞争研究既定计划（EPSCoR）、该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Cement and concrete building materials are ubiquitous in the built environment but require high energy, time, labor, and material resources to manufacture. Cement manufacturing necessitates high temperature processing, and is associated with 5-9 percent of anthropogenic carbon emissions. Concrete, which includes cement and fine and coarse aggregates, requires increasingly scarce materials. Most cement and concrete building materials cannot be reused or recycled. In this Future Manufacturing Seed Grant (FMSG) project, the investigators will develop reusable and recyclable modular building materials that are produced by microorganisms via a processes known as biomineralization and biocementation. Graduate and undergraduate students will participate in this project and gai interdisciplinary training in ecomanufacturing, civil engineering, material science and microbiology. High school teachers will also be engaged in the research project and will develop classroom activities based on biocemetation. K-12 classroom materials will be widely disseminated. In addition, instructional materials in ecomanufacturing will be developed and disseminated to a local community college.The investigators will pursue the first steps in a new paradigm for the eco-manufacturing of building and infrastructure materials that overcomes the high material, time, energy, and labor needs of traditional concrete manufacturing. They will use microbes to construct, reversibly interlock (enabling re-use), break down and recycle modular building materials (MBMs). These MBMs could be assembled to build load-bearing structures and infrastructure. When the structures are no longer wanted, the MBMs could either be separated and then interlocked again in a different structure or broken down and recycled for the next generation of MBMs. In this Seed Grant, the investigators will explore four primary challenges to identify the potential for microbes in eco-manufacturing building materials: (1) Constructing MBMs using fungi and/or bacteria, (2) Reversibly interlocking the MBMs using biomineral glues, (3) Breaking down the MBMs to their components using fungal metabolisms, and (4) Recycling the components into new MBMs.This project is jointly funded by the Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation Division of the Engineering Directorate, the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR), and the Biological Sciences Directorate.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.