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Quantifying Crop Biomechanics Across Plant Lifespans

量化作物整个生命周期的生物力学

基本信息

批准号：
2040346
负责人：
Erin Sparks
金额：
$ 36.46万
依托单位：
University of Delaware
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-06-01 至 2025-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2040346&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Quantifying Crop Biomechanics Across Plant

项目摘要

This grant will support research in fundamental crop biomechanics, which will enhance basic scientific knowledge and contribute to the future of agricultural sustainability. In agriculture, unpredictable severe storms can cause significant crop damage. This includes crop loss due to mechanical failure. This mechanical failure is called lodging, and can be the outcome of stem breaking or plant uprooting. Research on crop mechanical failure has been limited by uncontrolled and unpredictable weather patterns. Instead, tools have recently been developed to measure plant mechanical properties and link these measurements to plant resilience and lodging-resistance. This work will quantify plant mechanics over the lifespan of a maize (corn) plant, and determine the cellular signals and architectural features that influence plant mechanics. Understanding how plant mechanics are established provides a foundation for the development of mechanically resilient crops. This will enhance the future of agriculture, which is a significant portion of the U.S. economy. This project addresses the problem of multi-scale signal perception in shaping crop biomechanics across plant lifespans. A major knowledge gap exists in understanding lifespan-related biomechanical adaption and mechanobiological response of crop plants when subject to dynamic forces (e.g., wind). This project tests the hypothesis that lifespan-related changes to plant flexural stiffness are due to cellular-level mechanoreception of dynamic forces interacting with growing plant architectures. To address this hypothesis, the researchers will quantify changes in maize flexural stiffness over lifespans and determine if there is a role of cellular-level mechanosensing and plant architecture in establishing lifespan flexural stiffness. Overall, the research in this project will link multi-scale crop biomechanics and provide a foundation for future crop improvement. This project is jointly funded by the Biomechanics & Mechanobiology program and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这笔赠款将支持基础作物生物力学的研究，这将提高基础科学知识，并有助于农业可持续发展的未来。在农业方面，不可预测的严重风暴会造成严重的农作物损失。这包括由于机械故障造成的作物损失。这种机械故障被称为倒伏，并且可以是茎断裂或植物连根拔起的结果。对作物机械故障的研究受到不受控制和不可预测的天气模式的限制。相反，最近开发的工具来测量植物的机械性能，并将这些测量与植物的弹性和抗倒伏性联系起来。这项工作将量化玉米（玉米）植物生命周期内的植物力学，并确定影响植物力学的细胞信号和结构特征。了解植物力学是如何建立的，为开发具有机械弹性的作物提供了基础。这将改善农业的未来，农业是美国经济的重要组成部分。该项目解决了多尺度信号感知在塑造作物生物力学在植物寿命的问题。一个主要的知识差距存在于理解作物植物在受到动态力（例如，风）。该项目测试的假设，寿命相关的变化，植物抗弯刚度是由于细胞水平的mechanoreception的动态力与不断增长的植物结构相互作用。为了解决这一假设，研究人员将量化玉米弯曲刚度随寿命的变化，并确定细胞水平的机械传感和植物结构是否在建立寿命弯曲刚度中发挥作用。总体而言，本项目的研究将连接多尺度作物生物力学，并为未来的作物改良提供基础。该项目由生物力学机械生物学计划和刺激竞争研究的既定计划（EPSCoR）共同资助。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。