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Understanding and Controlling Hydrodynamic Cavitation to Improve Manufacturing Processes Involving High Velocity Fluid Flow

了解和控制水动力空化以改进涉及高速流体流动的制造工艺

基本信息

批准号：
2043325
负责人：
Gracious Ngaile
金额：
$ 35.49万
依托单位：
North Carolina State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-03-01 至 2025-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2043325&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Understanding Controlling Hydrodynamic Cavitation Improve

项目摘要

This grant supports research that contributes new knowledge in the manufacturing field, promoting both progress of science and engineering and advancing national prosperity. Hydrodynamic cavitation is the formation, growth, and burst of gas bubbles in a rapidly flowing fluid. The resulting implosion of gas bubbles releases concentrated energy as pressure waves or high-speed micro jets. The impact of this project is on multiple fronts; the potential to reduce total energy spent in manufacturing processes, increase in the quality of the produced parts and fabrication of part features that are difficult to achieve with conventional manufacturing processes. The knowledge gained from this project could also be used to enhance the efficiency of existing cavitation-based systems in other areas beyond manufacturing such as cleaning devices, water purification, and homogenization of industrial and food products. The experimental and analytical work emanating from this project provides excellent educational opportunities to graduates and undergraduate students participating in the research. Particular emphasis is placed on engaging women and minority students in this project. The project also supports several classroom teaching initiatives within the manufacturing curriculum.The goal of this project is to advance the fundamental understanding of mechanisms for producing hydrodynamic cavitation from a high velocity fluid stream in a manufacturing process so that the pressure waves and micro-jets produced by this cavitation could be utilized to enhance the process. A combination of experimentation and analytical and numerical modeling is used to study different mechanisms for producing and controlling hydrodynamic cavitation. The study includes (1) characterization of hydrodynamic cavitation intensity via novel flow-induced vibration at various resonance frequencies, (2) characterization of vortex flows that can generate continuous and fully cavitating fluid streams thus increasing the yield on the energy to be harvested, and (3) development of mechanisms for creating self-resonating flows via superposition of pressure waves aimed at enhancing bubble collapse frequency. The analytical modeling provides an estimate of pressure induced during bubble collapse, whereas numerical modeling provides field variables depicting distribution behavior of cavitation in the fluid domain. To quantify the cavitation power density obtained from the above mechanisms, residual stresses and microhardness distributions measured from samples are mapped with field variables from numerical and analytical models. This project is aimed at creating a knowledge base to facilitate utilization of the cavitation energy to enhance manufacturing processes that involve high velocity fluid flow such as water jet cutting, water jet peening for surface treatment, nano-lubricant formulation, and polishing.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该补助金支持在制造领域贡献新知识的研究，促进科学和工程的进步，促进国家繁荣。水力空化是指在快速流动的流体中气泡的形成、增长和破裂。由此产生的气泡内爆以压力波或高速微射流的形式释放出集中的能量。该项目的影响是在多个方面;有可能减少制造过程中消耗的总能源，提高生产零件的质量，以及制造传统制造工艺难以实现的零件特征。从该项目中获得的知识也可用于提高现有基于空化的系统在制造业以外的其他领域的效率，例如清洁设备，水净化以及工业和食品的均质化。该项目产生的实验和分析工作为参与研究的毕业生和本科生提供了绝佳的教育机会。特别强调让妇女和少数民族学生参与这一项目。该项目还支持制造课程中的几个课堂教学计划。该项目的目标是促进对制造过程中高速流体流产生水力空化机制的基本理解，以便利用空化产生的压力波和微射流来增强该过程。实验和分析和数值模拟相结合，用于研究不同的机制，产生和控制水力空化。该研究包括（1）通过各种共振频率下的新型流致振动表征水力空化强度，（2）表征涡流，该涡流可以产生连续和完全空化的流体流，从而增加要收获的能量的产量，以及（3）通过旨在提高气泡崩溃频率的压力波叠加来创建自共振流的机制。分析建模提供了一个估计的气泡崩溃过程中引起的压力，而数值建模提供了描述在流体域中的空化分布行为的字段变量。为了量化从上述机制获得的空化功率密度，从样品测量的残余应力和显微硬度分布映射与场变量从数值和分析模型。该项目旨在创建一个知识库，以促进空化能量的利用，从而提高涉及高速流体流动的制造工艺，如水射流切割、用于表面处理的水射流喷丸、纳米润滑剂配方和抛光。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。