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CAREER: Closing the Rural Water and Education Gap with a Simple Advanced Oxidation Process

职业：通过简单的高级氧化工艺缩小农村用水和教育差距

基本信息

批准号：
2046383
负责人：
Joseph Goodwill
金额：
$ 50.72万
依托单位：
University of Rhode Island
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-04-01 至 2026-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2046383&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Closing Rural Water Education

项目摘要

Drinking water pollution is a major public health concern. Some organic pollutants of drinking water are not easily treated by the commonly used techniques of filtration and chlorination, so advanced treatment processes are used. Advanced treatment typically requires complex and expensive systems that are difficult to use in rural areas. The goal of this CAREER research project is to understand the basic chemistry of a new advanced treatment method that removes pollutants by combining iron and sulfur. The advantage of this new method is that it can be used without the complex steps needed by existing advanced treatment methods. Knowledge obtained in this research will then be used in larger scale demonstrations of the new treatment technology to provide real-world performance data. These demonstrations will also be used to improve middle-school science education through a partnership with the Rhode Island 4-H organization. Successful completion of this project will help the Nation by providing a new approach for advanced water treatment and science education appropriate for rural areas.Rural communities in the United States face higher risks of drinking water quality violations and have less access to advanced STEM curricula compared to more populated areas. This CAREER development plan directly addresses these issues by focusing on rural water quality and STEM education inequality through the development of a simplified advanced oxidation process based on iron and sulfur. Although advanced oxidation processes are of growing importance in water treatment, they require complex systems for on-site generation, making them inappropriate for many settings. The ferrate-sulfur advanced oxidation process (FeSAOP) shows promise as an effective yet simple way to transform recalcitrant organic pollutants, but key unknowns block adaptation. The rationale for this research is that current advanced oxidation processes are not accessible to all water systems and exploiting FeSAOP will close this gap. The central hypothesis is that FeSAOP yields several radical species that rapidly oxidize contaminants while also offering simplicity of production, enabling rural water system use and compelling educational experiences. The plan includes four specific research aims to: (1) elucidate iron radical formation and fate via ultrafast spectroscopy; (2) determine the mechanism of 1,4-dioxane (a model recalcitrant compound, and emerging contaminant) oxidation by FeSAOP; (3) incorporate novel FeSAOP into conventional treatment processes at the pilot-scale; and (4) integrate research and education goals via a learning-through-research model. Broader societal impacts of this work include addressing the elevated risk facing rural water systems, increasing opportunities for STEM exposure in underserved communities, improving public understanding of water treatment, and supporting a graduate student from an underrepresented group. The proposed plan will accelerate achievement of the Principal Investigator’s long-term career goal to ensure safe water and comprehensive STEM educational opportunities for all.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

饮用水污染是一个主要的公共卫生问题。常用的过滤和氯化处理技术难以处理饮用水中的有机污染物，因此采用了高级处理工艺。高级治疗通常需要复杂而昂贵的系统，难以在农村地区使用。CAREER研究项目的目标是了解一种新的高级处理方法的基本化学原理，这种方法通过结合铁和硫来去除污染物。这种新方法的优点是无需现有先进处理方法所需的复杂步骤即可使用。在这项研究中获得的知识将用于新处理技术的大规模演示，以提供真实的性能数据。通过与罗德岛4-H组织的合作，这些示范也将用于改善中学科学教育。该项目的成功完成将为国家提供一种适合农村地区的先进水处理和科学教育的新途径。与人口稠密的地区相比，美国农村社区面临着更高的饮用水质量违规风险，并且获得先进STEM课程的机会较少。该职业发展计划通过开发基于铁和硫的简化高级氧化工艺，重点关注农村水质和STEM教育不平等，直接解决了这些问题。虽然高级氧化工艺在水处理中越来越重要，但它们需要复杂的系统来进行现场生成，这使得它们不适合许多环境。高铁酸盐-硫高级氧化工艺（FeSAOP）有望成为一种有效而简单的转化顽固性有机污染物的方法，但关键的未知因素阻碍了适应。这项研究的基本原理是，目前先进的氧化过程并不是所有的水系统都可以使用，而利用FeSAOP将缩小这一差距。核心假设是，FeSAOP产生了几种自由基，它们可以快速氧化污染物，同时也提供了简单的生产，使农村水系统的使用和引人注目的教育体验成为可能。该计划包括四个具体的研究目标：(1)通过超快光谱阐明铁自由基的形成和命运；(2)利用FeSAOP确定1,4-二恶烷（一种典型的难降解化合物，也是新兴污染物）氧化的机理；(3)将新型FeSAOP纳入中试常规处理工艺；(4)通过“通过研究学习”的模式，将研究与教育目标相结合。这项工作的更广泛的社会影响包括解决农村供水系统面临的高风险，增加服务不足社区接触STEM的机会，提高公众对水处理的理解，以及支持来自代表性不足群体的研究生。拟议的计划将加速实现首席研究员的长期职业目标，以确保所有人获得安全的水和全面的STEM教育机会。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。