Archaeology of a transformation period. The cemetery of Niedernai and the 5th century along the Upper Rhine

转型时期的考古学。

• 批准号: 246602782
• 负责人: Dr. Susanne Brather-Walter
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung für Ur- und Frühgeschichte und Archäologie des Mittelalters
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/246602782?language=en
• 关键词: Archaeology; transformation; period.; cemetery; Niedernai

The cemetery of Niedernai discovered in 1995 and nearly undisturbed, is the only nearly fully and modern excavated necropolis of the second half of the 5th century not only within Alsace but also in its wider surroundings. Based on the analysis of 32 graves (with 33 dead) of the relatively small grave yard, the archaeological sources about the transformation period after the end of the West Roman Empire - the second half of the 5th and the early 6th centuries - will be fundamentally proofed and if necessary reinterpreted historically. The focus lies on the question, whether the archaeologically visible, fundamental cultural changes are caused by the immigration of population groups from the east - or whether they could be seen as a cultural re-orientation of the former Roman population. In contrast to older studies which tried to answer this question on the basis of selected archaeological finds e. g. the bow brooches, the analysis will take into consideration the whole spectrum of archaeological finds and features as well as it uses a variety of modern scientific methods.The scientific analysis offers the opportunity to check traditional schemes of interpretation through confronting them to new data. 14C-AMS data allow integrating even graves with only some or even without grave goods, which could not be dated by archaeological means, into chronological considerations. The analysis of aDNA offers information on biological relations and additionally, it provides us with indications whether groups of graves on a cemetery represent families, and whether archaeologically assumed social relationships really existed. On the other hand the comparison of aDNA from Niedernai with other places and with modern DNA will present information on the geographic origin of the dead. They will be complemented by multi-isotope analyses. Strontium and Oxygen isotope analyses provide with contrasting indications concerning mobility and local stability of the deceased compared to the aDNA data. Nitrogen and Carbon isotope analyses additionally provide information about nutrition, possible changes in their subsistence when multiple subsamples are taken from individuals.Through the close connection of modern, theoretically well-grounded archaeological perspectives and the consequent and methodologically reflected use of routine scientific analysis, the project sets an example for future research. We expect an important impetus for German and French early medieval studies at one hand, and on the other the combination of two different national research perspectives through intense bi-national cooperation. Simultaneously, the project widens and extends the already existing French-German network in antique studies to the field of late antiquity and the early middle ages, including scientific studies.

Niedernai 墓地于 1995 年被发现，几乎未受干扰，是 5 世纪下半叶唯一一座几乎完全现代化的墓地，不仅在阿尔萨斯境内，而且在其更广泛的周围地区也是如此。通过对相对较小的墓地中的32座坟墓（其中33人死亡）的分析，有关西罗马帝国灭亡后的转型时期——5世纪下半叶和6世纪初期——的考古资料将得到根本性的证明，并在必要时重新进行历史解释。焦点在于这样一个问题：考古学上可见的根本性文化变迁是否是由东方人口群体的移民引起的，或者它们是否可以被视为前罗马人口的文化重新定位。与之前的研究相比，这些研究试图根据选定的考古发现来回答这个问题。 g。对于弓形胸针，分析将考虑考古发现和特征的全部范围，并使用各种现代科学方法。科学分析提供了通过面对新数据来检查传统解释方案的机会。 14C-AMS 数据甚至可以将一些坟墓或什至没有随葬品（无法通过考古手段确定年代）纳入时间顺序考虑。对 aDNA 的分析提供了有关生物关系的信息，此外，它还为我们提供了墓地中的墓群是否代表家庭以及考古学假设的社会关系是否真实存在的迹象。另一方面，将 Niedernai 的 DNA 与其他地方的 DNA 以及现代 DNA 进行比较，将提供有关死者地理起源的信息。它们将得到多同位素分析的补充。与 aDNA 数据相比，锶和氧同位素分析提供了有关死者活动性和局部稳定性的对比指示。氮和碳同位素分析还提供了有关营养的信息，以及当从个体中采集多个子样本时其生存可能发生的变化。通过现代、理论上有充分基础的考古学观点的紧密联系以及随后在方法论上反映的常规科学分析的使用，该项目为未来的研究树立了榜样。我们期望一方面对德国和法国早期中世纪研究产生重要推动力，另一方面通过密切的两国合作将两个不同国家的研究视角结合起来。同时，该项目将现有的法德古董研究网络扩大并延伸到古代晚期和中世纪早期领域，包括科学研究。