Archaeology of a transformation period. The cemetery of Niedernai and the 5th century along the Upper Rhine

转型时期的考古学。

• 批准号: 246602782
• 负责人: Dr. Susanne Brather-Walter
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung für Ur- und Frühgeschichte und Archäologie des Mittelalters
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/246602782?language=en
• 关键词: Archaeology; transformation; period.; cemetery; Niedernai

The cemetery of Niedernai discovered in 1995 and nearly undisturbed, is the only nearly fully and modern excavated necropolis of the second half of the 5th century not only within Alsace but also in its wider surroundings. Based on the analysis of 32 graves (with 33 dead) of the relatively small grave yard, the archaeological sources about the transformation period after the end of the West Roman Empire - the second half of the 5th and the early 6th centuries - will be fundamentally proofed and if necessary reinterpreted historically. The focus lies on the question, whether the archaeologically visible, fundamental cultural changes are caused by the immigration of population groups from the east - or whether they could be seen as a cultural re-orientation of the former Roman population. In contrast to older studies which tried to answer this question on the basis of selected archaeological finds e. g. the bow brooches, the analysis will take into consideration the whole spectrum of archaeological finds and features as well as it uses a variety of modern scientific methods.The scientific analysis offers the opportunity to check traditional schemes of interpretation through confronting them to new data. 14C-AMS data allow integrating even graves with only some or even without grave goods, which could not be dated by archaeological means, into chronological considerations. The analysis of aDNA offers information on biological relations and additionally, it provides us with indications whether groups of graves on a cemetery represent families, and whether archaeologically assumed social relationships really existed. On the other hand the comparison of aDNA from Niedernai with other places and with modern DNA will present information on the geographic origin of the dead. They will be complemented by multi-isotope analyses. Strontium and Oxygen isotope analyses provide with contrasting indications concerning mobility and local stability of the deceased compared to the aDNA data. Nitrogen and Carbon isotope analyses additionally provide information about nutrition, possible changes in their subsistence when multiple subsamples are taken from individuals.Through the close connection of modern, theoretically well-grounded archaeological perspectives and the consequent and methodologically reflected use of routine scientific analysis, the project sets an example for future research. We expect an important impetus for German and French early medieval studies at one hand, and on the other the combination of two different national research perspectives through intense bi-national cooperation. Simultaneously, the project widens and extends the already existing French-German network in antique studies to the field of late antiquity and the early middle ages, including scientific studies.

1995年发现的尼德奈墓地几乎未受干扰，是唯一一个几乎完全和现代挖掘的世纪后半期墓地，不仅在阿尔萨斯，而且在其更广泛的环境中。通过对32座坟墓（33人死亡）的分析，对西罗马帝国结束后的转型时期--5世纪下半叶和6世纪初--的考古资料进行了根本性的论证，并在必要时进行了历史性的重新解释。重点在于这样一个问题，即考古学上可见的根本性文化变化是否是由来自东方的人口群体的移民引起的，或者它们是否可以被视为前罗马人口的文化重新定位。与试图在选定的考古发现的基础上回答这个问题的旧研究相反。G.对于蝴蝶结胸针，分析将考虑到考古发现和特征的整个范围，并使用各种现代科学方法。科学分析提供了通过面对新数据来检查传统解释方案的机会。14 C-AMS数据允许整合甚至只有一些甚至没有坟墓物品的坟墓，这些坟墓无法通过考古手段确定年代。aDNA的分析提供了关于生物关系的信息，此外，它还为我们提供了墓地上的坟墓群是否代表家庭的迹象，以及考古学上假设的社会关系是否真的存在。另一方面，将来自Niedernai的DNA与其他地方和现代DNA进行比较，将提供有关死者地理来源的信息。这些分析将得到多种同位素分析的补充。与aDNA数据相比，锶和氧同位素分析提供了关于死者流动性和局部稳定性的对比指标。氮和碳同位素分析还提供了有关营养的信息，当从个体中提取多个子样本时，它们的生存可能发生的变化。通过现代的，理论上有充分依据的考古学观点的密切联系，以及常规科学分析的后续和方法学上的反映，该项目为未来的研究树立了榜样。我们期望一方面为德国和法国的中世纪早期研究提供重要的推动力，另一方面通过激烈的两国合作将两个不同的国家研究视角结合起来。与此同时，该项目将现有的法德古董研究网络扩展到古代晚期和中世纪早期，包括科学研究。