Archaeology of a transformation period. The cemetery of Niedernai and the 5th century along the Upper Rhine

转型时期的考古学。

• 批准号: 246602782
• 负责人: Dr. Susanne Brather-Walter
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung für Ur- und Frühgeschichte und Archäologie des Mittelalters
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/246602782?language=en
• 关键词: Archaeology; transformation; period.; cemetery; Niedernai

The cemetery of Niedernai discovered in 1995 and nearly undisturbed, is the only nearly fully and modern excavated necropolis of the second half of the 5th century not only within Alsace but also in its wider surroundings. Based on the analysis of 32 graves (with 33 dead) of the relatively small grave yard, the archaeological sources about the transformation period after the end of the West Roman Empire - the second half of the 5th and the early 6th centuries - will be fundamentally proofed and if necessary reinterpreted historically. The focus lies on the question, whether the archaeologically visible, fundamental cultural changes are caused by the immigration of population groups from the east - or whether they could be seen as a cultural re-orientation of the former Roman population. In contrast to older studies which tried to answer this question on the basis of selected archaeological finds e. g. the bow brooches, the analysis will take into consideration the whole spectrum of archaeological finds and features as well as it uses a variety of modern scientific methods.The scientific analysis offers the opportunity to check traditional schemes of interpretation through confronting them to new data. 14C-AMS data allow integrating even graves with only some or even without grave goods, which could not be dated by archaeological means, into chronological considerations. The analysis of aDNA offers information on biological relations and additionally, it provides us with indications whether groups of graves on a cemetery represent families, and whether archaeologically assumed social relationships really existed. On the other hand the comparison of aDNA from Niedernai with other places and with modern DNA will present information on the geographic origin of the dead. They will be complemented by multi-isotope analyses. Strontium and Oxygen isotope analyses provide with contrasting indications concerning mobility and local stability of the deceased compared to the aDNA data. Nitrogen and Carbon isotope analyses additionally provide information about nutrition, possible changes in their subsistence when multiple subsamples are taken from individuals.Through the close connection of modern, theoretically well-grounded archaeological perspectives and the consequent and methodologically reflected use of routine scientific analysis, the project sets an example for future research. We expect an important impetus for German and French early medieval studies at one hand, and on the other the combination of two different national research perspectives through intense bi-national cooperation. Simultaneously, the project widens and extends the already existing French-German network in antique studies to the field of late antiquity and the early middle ages, including scientific studies.

Niedernai的墓地于1995年发现，几乎没有受到干扰，是5世纪下半叶不仅在阿尔萨斯岛，而且在其更广泛的环境中的唯一几乎完全，现代挖掘的墓地。基于对相对较小的坟墓院子的32个坟墓的分析（33人死亡），大约在西罗马帝国结束后的转变时期（5个和六世纪初期的下半年）的考古资料将得到基本证明，并在历史上进行历史悠久的重新诠释。重点在于这个问题，考古学上可见的，根本的文化变化是由东方人口群体的移民引起的 - 还是可以将其视为前罗马人口的文化重新定位。与旧研究相反，该研究试图根据选定的考古发现来回答这个问题e。 g。弓胸针，分析将考虑整个考古发现和特征，以及使用各种现代科学方法。科学分析提供了机会，可以通过面对新数据来检查传统的解释方案。 14C-AMS数据允许将坟墓与某些甚至没有严重的商品整合在一起，而考古手段无法将其纳入时间顺序的考虑。对ADNA的分析提供了有关生物关系的信息，此外，它为我们提供了迹象，墓地上的坟墓群是否代表家庭，以及考古假定的社会关系是否真的存在。另一方面，将Niedernai的ADNA与其他地方以及现代DNA进行比较将介绍有关死者的地理起源的信息。它们将通过多相关分析来补充。与ADNA数据相比，延髓和氧同位素分析提供了有关死者的迁移率和局部稳定性的对比指示。氮和碳同位素分析还提供了有关营养的信息，当从个人手中取出多个子样本时可能会改变其生存。通过现代，理论上良好的考古观点的密切联系以及随之而来的方法论和方法论上反思了常规科学分析的使用，该项目为未来的研究设定了一个示例。我们希望一方面对德国和法国早期的中世纪研究的重要动力，另一方面，通过强烈的双国合作，两种不同的国家研究观点的结合。同时，该项目将古董研究中现有的法国 - 德国网络扩大并扩展到了古代晚期和中世纪早期的领域，包括科学研究。