Transport on van der Wals Superconductor Heretostructures

非技术描述：超导性是一种强大的宏观量子态，可用于基于低能量耗散和量子相干性的各种现代技术应用。该项目将使研究与高温超导体的极薄晶体相关的涌现量子现象成为可能。我们将建立薄超导体与其他原子薄晶体材料相结合的堆叠原子层，以形成更复杂的量子系统。在我们的低维器件结构中展示的电子可控性使我们能够研究过渡附近电子和磁场涡旋之间有趣的相互作用，从而基于我们的发现实现量子器件应用。我们将开发一种新的实验方法来操纵我们的超导体堆叠设备的形式，以实现这一目标。通过复杂的器件结构实现的不同功能使得能够对所得结构的电子、磁性和热性质进行实验研究。我们还将建立一个理论框架，以加深我们对高温超导性的理解。对原子厚度堆叠超导体的研究将促进我们对量子材料中涌现物理现象的理解，并为构建量子技术提供平台。在这种量子材料系统中发现的新物理特性可以实现新的器件应用，例如电子和磁电子超导器件。研究和教育/推广活动的紧密结合将培养下一代科学和工程领导人。 技术说明：本项目的研究重点是研究原子级薄高温超导体（HTS）形成的货车德瓦尔斯（vdW）异质结构中超导体-绝缘体转变附近的涌现物理现象。基于我们目前对二维（2D）超导体中涨落效应和非平衡态的理解，我们将展示用于混合异质结构的2D vdW超导体的制造，以实现复杂和多样化的功能。我们研究了这些系统中的局部电子压缩性，采用电荷敏感的石墨烯纳米带原子级薄的高温超导体。我们还研究了超导体绝缘体转变（SIT）制度附近的二维涡旋系统中的磁热电效应和涡旋粘度。此外，我们计划建立双层装置，用于检测磁单极子及其动力学的涡旋和电荷拖曳实验，以了解涡旋-库珀对对偶性。最后，我们将开发一个可靠的理论框架，以了解拓扑障碍分裂库珀对成单电子在磁单极子附近的SIT的存在。由高温超导体组成的二维vdW异质结构的工程能力和对涡旋-库珀对对偶性的深入理解将产生新的功能，从而导致量子材料中涌现现象的研究突破。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Nontechnical Description: Superconductivity is a robust macroscopic quantum state that can be utilized for various modern technological applications based on low energy dissipation and quantum coherence. This project will enable the investigation of emergent quantum phenomena associated with extremely thin crystals of high-temperature superconductors. We will build stacked atomic layers of thin superconductors combined with other atomically thin crystalline materials to form more complex quantum systems for this study. The electronic controllability demonstrated in our low-dimensional device structure allows us to investigate the intriguing interaction between electrons and magnetic field vortices near the transition, leading to quantum device applications based on our discoveries. We will develop a novel experimental method to manipulate our superconductors for stacked device forms to achieve this goal. The diverse functionality achieved by complex device structures enables experimental investigation of electronic, magnetic, and thermal properties of resulting structures. We will also develop a theoretical framework to deepen our understanding of high-temperature superconductivity. The proposed study of atomically thin stacked superconductors will promote our understanding of emergent physical phenomena in quantum materials and offer a platform for building quantum technology. New physical properties discovered in this quantum material system can enable novel device applications, such as electronics and magnetoelectronic superconducting devices. A tight combination of research and educational/outreach activities will raise the next generation of science and engineering leaders. Technical Description:The research focus of this project is investigating emergent physical phenomena near the superconductor-insulator transition in van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures formed by atomically thin high-temperature superconductors (HTSs). Based on our current understanding of fluctuation effects and non-equilibrium states in 2-dimensional (2D) superconductors, we will demonstrate the fabrication of 2D vdW superconductors for hybrid heterostructures to achieve complex and diverse functionalities. We study local electronic compressibility in those systems by employing charge-sensitive graphene nanoribbons on top of atomically thin HTS. We also investigate magneto thermoelectric effects and vortex viscosity in a 2D vortex system near the vicinity of the superconductor insulator transition (SIT) regime. Furthermore, we plan to build double-layer devices for vortex and charge drag experiments for detecting magnetic monopoles and their dynamics to understand the vortex-Cooper pair duality. Finally, we will develop a reliable theoretical framework to understand topological obstruction for splitting Cooper pairs into single electrons in the presence of magnetic monopoles near the SIT. The engineering capability of 2D vdW heterostructures comprised of HTS and a deep understanding of the vortex-Cooper pair duality will result in novel functionalities, leading to research breakthroughs in quantum materials with emergent phenomena. We also integrate a tight combination of research and educational/outreach activities for nurturing the next generation of science and engineering leaders.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.