Processes Influencing Stabilization in the Formation of States

国家稳定和持久形成的一个关键因素是正式领土边界以外的实体对其主权的承认和合法化。这个项目考虑的社会过程，选择谁延续国家的权威超越其政治边界的个人的子群体。为了了解国家和帝国的起源，最好是研究一个具有动态和区域相互关联景观的大都市中心。在当时最大和最有影响力的城市之一的中心的一个公民行政综合体中进行的调查研究了国家权力通过仪式化行为聚集，物化和体现的关键结合点。作为一个位于一个主要遗产地的仪式中心的项目，该项目建立了学者，学生和更广泛的公众之间的国家和国际伙伴关系，以支持考古管理模式。该项目通过纳入和培训代表14个机构的45名研究生和本科生，促进科学工作者队伍的发展，扩大代表性不足的群体对科学的参与。此外，该项目通过在三种语言的网站上传播项目成果，提高公众的科学素养和对科学方法的理解。研究人员计划挖掘一个精英行政综合体，询问是否有证据表明它是一个复杂的区域仪式经济的中心，使国家权威自然化和永久化，以及外国实体在国家权威的发展中发挥了什么作用。这个大都市中心的社会政治、意识形态和经济支持在整个地区产生了反响，包括对遥远地区的强大政治和军事监督。三个实地季节和实验室分析将针对已知的外国存在的活动领域，以查明有助于国家权力归化和永久化的管家和做法。分析技术包括对非本地陶瓷和壁画碎片的实验室分析（根据原始资源的来源地、生产技术、图像元素、生产者的社会身份以及它们的交换、使用和终止方式来构建他们的社会生活）、放射性碳年代测定、骨骼学/植物学分析和生态因子的同位素分析（人类动物和其他古植物遗迹）;以及骨骼学和化学分析，以重建通过仪式经济的货物和人员的流动。该项目提供的新的主要挖掘数据为长期争论该遗址在创建泛区域网络方面主要是主导力量还是合作力量提供了重要的额外信息。该研究不仅对城市中央行政的国内政治和地区影响力形成了科学的理解，而且从根本上为邻近和遥远的政治的经济，政治和社会发展的理论提供了信息。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响力审查标准进行评估而被认为值得支持。

One factor critical to stable and enduring formation of states is the recognition and legitimation of their sovereignty by entities outside their formal territorial frontiers. This project considers the social processes that select the subgroup of individuals who perpetuate the state’s authority beyond its political boundaries. In order to understand the origins of states and empires, it is best to examine a metropolitan center with a dynamic and regionally interconnected landscape. Excavations at a civic-administrative complex at the heart of the one of the largest and most influential cities of its time examine key conjunctures where state authority was amassed, materialized, and embodied through ritualized acts. As a project situated in the ceremonial center of a major heritage site , the project builds national and international partnerships between academics, students, and the wider public to support a model of archaeological stewardship. The project contributes to the development of the scientific workforce and broadens the participation of underrepresented groups in science through the inclusion and training of a widely diverse pool of 45 graduate and undergraduate students representing 14 institutions. Additionally, the project enhances public scientific literacy and understanding of the scientific method through the dissemination of project outcomes on a trilingual website. The researchers plan to excavate an elite administrative complex asking whether there is evidence to suggest that it was the center of a complex, regional ritual economy that naturalized and perpetuated state authority, and what role foreign entities played in the development of state authority. This major metropolitan center's sociopolitical, ideological, and economic sustenance reverberated throughout the region, including strong political and military oversight over locations far away. Three field seasons and laboratory analysis will target activity areas of known foreign presence to pinpoint the stewards and practices instrumental to the naturalization and perpetuation of the state authority. Analytical techniques include laboratory analysis of non-local ceramics and mural fragments (to construct their social life based on source locality of raw resources, production technologies, iconographic elements, social identity of the producers, and their manner of exchange, use, and termination), radiocarbon dating, osteological/botanical analysis and isotope analysis of ecofacts (human animal, and other paleobotanical remains); and osteological and chemical analysis to reconstruct the movements of goods and people through the ritual economy. The project's contribution of new primary excavation data provides critical additional information in the long debate of whether the site was primarily a dominant or cooperative force in the creation of a pan-regional network. This research not only shapes scientific understanding of urban central administrative domestic politics and regional influence, but also fundamentally informs theories about the economic, political, and social development of neighboring and distant polities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.