Processes Influencing Stabilization in the Formation of States

影响国家形成过程中的稳定的进程

• 批准号: 2114021
• 负责人: Nawa Sugiyama
• 金额: $ 19.97万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2114021&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Processes; Influencing; Stabilization; Formation; States

One factor critical to stable and enduring formation of states is the recognition and legitimation of their sovereignty by entities outside their formal territorial frontiers. This project considers the social processes that select the subgroup of individuals who perpetuate the state’s authority beyond its political boundaries. In order to understand the origins of states and empires, it is best to examine a metropolitan center with a dynamic and regionally interconnected landscape. Excavations at a civic-administrative complex at the heart of the one of the largest and most influential cities of its time examine key conjunctures where state authority was amassed, materialized, and embodied through ritualized acts. As a project situated in the ceremonial center of a major heritage site , the project builds national and international partnerships between academics, students, and the wider public to support a model of archaeological stewardship. The project contributes to the development of the scientific workforce and broadens the participation of underrepresented groups in science through the inclusion and training of a widely diverse pool of 45 graduate and undergraduate students representing 14 institutions. Additionally, the project enhances public scientific literacy and understanding of the scientific method through the dissemination of project outcomes on a trilingual website. The researchers plan to excavate an elite administrative complex asking whether there is evidence to suggest that it was the center of a complex, regional ritual economy that naturalized and perpetuated state authority, and what role foreign entities played in the development of state authority. This major metropolitan center's sociopolitical, ideological, and economic sustenance reverberated throughout the region, including strong political and military oversight over locations far away. Three field seasons and laboratory analysis will target activity areas of known foreign presence to pinpoint the stewards and practices instrumental to the naturalization and perpetuation of the state authority. Analytical techniques include laboratory analysis of non-local ceramics and mural fragments (to construct their social life based on source locality of raw resources, production technologies, iconographic elements, social identity of the producers, and their manner of exchange, use, and termination), radiocarbon dating, osteological/botanical analysis and isotope analysis of ecofacts (human animal, and other paleobotanical remains); and osteological and chemical analysis to reconstruct the movements of goods and people through the ritual economy. The project's contribution of new primary excavation data provides critical additional information in the long debate of whether the site was primarily a dominant or cooperative force in the creation of a pan-regional network. This research not only shapes scientific understanding of urban central administrative domestic politics and regional influence, but also fundamentally informs theories about the economic, political, and social development of neighboring and distant polities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

国家稳定和持久形成的一个关键因素是其正式领土边界以外的实体承认其主权并使其合法化。这个项目考虑了社会过程，选择个人的子群体，使国家的权威超越其政治界限。为了理解国家和帝国的起源，最好考察一个具有动态和区域相互联系景观的大都市中心。在当时最大和最有影响力的城市之一的中心，一个民政行政综合体的挖掘研究了国家权力通过仪式化行为积累、具体化和体现的关键时刻。作为一个位于重要遗址仪式中心的项目，该项目在学者、学生和更广泛的公众之间建立了国家和国际合作伙伴关系，以支持一种考古管理模式。该项目通过吸纳和培训来自14所院校的45名研究生和本科生，促进了科学队伍的发展，扩大了代表性不足群体对科学的参与。此外，该项目通过在一个三语网站上传播项目成果，提高公众的科学素养和对科学方法的理解。研究人员计划挖掘一个精英行政综合体，并研究是否有证据表明它是一个复杂的区域仪式经济的中心，使国家权力自然化和永久化，以及外国实体在国家权力的发展中发挥了什么作用。这个主要都市中心的社会政治、意识形态和经济支撑在整个地区产生了反响，包括对遥远地区的强大政治和军事监督。三个实地季节和实验室分析将针对已知外国存在的活动区域，以查明有助于国家权力归化和永久化的管理人员和做法。分析技术包括对非本地陶瓷和壁画碎片的实验室分析（根据原料来源、生产技术、图像元素、生产者的社会身份及其交换、使用和终止的方式来构建他们的社会生活），放射性碳定年，骨/植物学分析和生态事实（人类、动物和其他古植物遗骸）的同位素分析；用骨学和化学分析来重建仪式经济中货物和人的运动。该项目对新的原始挖掘数据的贡献，为该遗址在创建泛区域网络过程中主要是主导力量还是合作力量的长期争论提供了重要的额外信息。这项研究不仅形成了对城市中央行政国内政治和区域影响的科学认识，而且从根本上为邻近和遥远政治的经济、政治和社会发展理论提供了依据。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。