Understanding plant endosomal sorting mechanisms and ESCRT function in plants

了解植物内体分选机制和植物中的 ESCRT 功能

• 批准号: 2114603
• 负责人: Marisa Otegui
• 金额: $ 95万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-15 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2114603&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; plant; endosomal; sorting; mechanisms

This project will analyze how plants regulate degradation of proteins at the cell surface to control cellular function. Cells remove proteins from their surface through a process called endocytosis during which cells internalize portions of their plasma membrane, including proteins, through the formation of endocytic vesicles. These vesicles fuse with cell compartments called endosomes that internalize the plasma membrane protein in endosomal vesicles and transport them to vacuoles for degradation. This is a critical pathway as problems associated with endocytosis can often be lethal for the development of the plant. This project will investigate molecular and structural aspects of endosomal functions in different plant lineages to understand the key components and mechanisms of endosomal vesicle formation. This research will support the training of undergraduate and graduate students as well as postdoctoral researchers. It will also provide fundamental insights into plant cell biology, relevant for agriculture, biotechnology, evolution, and bioenergy crops. In collaboration with the Emergency Technologies Hub at the Wisconsin Discovery Center, virtual reality material representing plant cells and organelles will be produced for outreach activities at the University of Wisconsin-Madison campus. Endosomal sorting of membrane proteins regulates cell signaling but how endosomal vesicles form and sequester cargo is not well understood. The main goal of this project is to analyze the mechanisms by which budding sites at the endosomal membrane generate vesicles in Arabidopsis thaliana and to gain an evolutionary and functional perspective of different patterns of budding activity across lineages, from basal to flowering plants. This project will undertake a comprehensive approach (genetics, imaging, biochemistry) to investigate the mechanistic roles of a group of plant-specific proteins that bind endosomal membranes and to analyze structural features of endosomes in different plant lineages related to the evolution of endosomal vesiculation within plants.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将分析植物如何调节细胞表面蛋白质的降解以控制细胞功能。细胞通过称为内吞作用的过程从其表面去除蛋白质，在该过程中，细胞通过形成内吞囊泡来内化其质膜的部分，包括蛋白质。这些囊泡与称为内体的细胞隔室融合，内体将质膜蛋白内化到内体囊泡中并将其转运到液泡中进行降解。这是一个关键途径，因为与内吞作用相关的问题对于植物的发育通常是致命的。本项目将研究不同植物谱系中内体功能的分子和结构方面，以了解内体囊泡形成的关键组分和机制。这项研究将支持本科生和研究生以及博士后研究人员的培训。它还将提供植物细胞生物学的基本见解，与农业，生物技术，进化和生物能源作物有关。与威斯康星州探索中心的应急技术中心合作，将为威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的外展活动制作代表植物细胞和细胞器的虚拟现实材料。膜蛋白的内体分选调节细胞信号传导，但内体囊泡如何形成和隔离货物还不清楚。该项目的主要目标是分析拟南芥内体膜上的出芽位点产生囊泡的机制，并从进化和功能的角度研究从基底到开花植物的不同谱系的出芽活动模式。该项目将采取综合办法，（遗传学，成像，生物化学）来研究一组植物的机械作用-该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识产权进行评估来支持。优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Fifteen compelling open questions in plant cell biology.

• DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab225
• 发表时间: 2022-01-20
• 期刊: The Plant cell
• 作者: Roeder AHK;Otegui MS;Dixit R;Anderson CT;Faulkner C;Zhang Y;Harrison MJ;Kirchhelle C;Goshima G;Coate JE;Doyle JJ;Hamant O;Sugimoto K;Dolan L;Meyer H;Ehrhardt DW;Boudaoud A;Messina C
• 通讯作者: Messina C