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EAGER: SAI: Water Supplier Decisions & Institutional Change During Transitions

EAGER：SAI：水供应商决策

基本信息

批准号：
2120090
负责人：
Anita Milman
金额：
$ 29.87万
依托单位：
University of Massachusetts Amherst
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2120090&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
EAGER SAI Water Supplier Decisions

项目摘要

Strengthening American Infrastructure (SAI) is an NSF Program seeking to stimulate human-centered fundamental and potentially transformative research that strengthens America’s infrastructure. Effective infrastructure provides a strong foundation for socioeconomic vitality and broad quality of life improvement. Strong, reliable, and effective infrastructure spurs private-sector innovation, grows the economy, creates jobs, makes public-sector service provision more efficient, strengthens communities, promotes equal opportunity, protects the natural environment, enhances national security, and fuels American leadership. To achieve these goals requires expertise from across the science and engineering disciplines. SAI focuses on how knowledge of human reasoning and decision making, governance, and social and cultural processes enables the building and maintenance of effective infrastructure that improves lives and society and builds on advances in technology and engineering.This research project examines the dynamics of water supplier decision-making to determine which decisions are critical to future adaptability and how tensions regarding the differential impacts of alternative responses to stressors on water supplier objectives are resolved. Water suppliers across the USA are facing unprecedented challenges arising from a variety of stressors including, but not limited to, climate change, changing demands for water, threats to water quality, and deferred maintenance. Responses to these stressors occur through a variety of decisions, many of which include involve tradeoffs between the multiple concurrent objectives of water suppliers (e.g., reliability, cost effectiveness, environmental stewardship, etc.) and which affect the scope of future adaptations available. Results from the research contribute to understandings of the institutional dynamics influencing the strength and effectiveness of water infrastructure, including how change occurs within water supply systems and how changes can lead towards or away from path dependency. Results support decision making and research by providing a parsimonious model that can be used to steer water supplier actions, to guide development of decision-support tools that more fully capture the decision-making processes of water suppliers, and to guide computer modeling of water supply systems.Specifically, the project investigates decision-making in mid-sized water systems in the USA that have experienced disruptions, have declining populations, or both. Data for the project are collected through interviews, focus groups, and secondary materials. These are used to develop a framework of water supplier decision-making that can be used to identify critical events or decisions within water supply planning and operations that serve as inflection points, either setting the stage for adaptation or leading to path dependencies that inhibit adaptation. The research also uncovers the potentially competing institutional logics occurring at these inflection points and identifies the ways in which individuals, norms, and institutional processes within the water supplier interact to influence how tensions are resolved, and thus the adaptations the system moves.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

加强美国基础设施（SAI）是NSF的一项计划，旨在促进以人为本的基础和潜在的变革性研究，以加强美国的基础设施。有效的基础设施为社会经济活力和广泛改善生活质量奠定了坚实的基础。强大、可靠和有效的基础设施刺激私营部门创新，促进经济增长，创造就业机会，提高公共部门服务提供的效率，加强社区建设，促进机会平等，保护自然环境，增强国家安全，并推动美国的领导地位。为了实现这些目标，需要来自科学和工程学科的专业知识。SAI专注于人类推理和决策，治理，社会和文化进程，使建设和维护有效的基础设施，改善生活和社会，并建立在技术和工程的进步。本研究项目探讨供水决策的动态-作出决定，以确定哪些决定对未来的适应性至关重要，以及对水资源压力源的替代反应的不同影响如何紧张供应商的目标得到解决。美国各地的水供应商正面临着各种压力源带来的前所未有的挑战，包括但不限于气候变化，对水的需求变化，水质威胁和延迟维护。对这些压力源的反应是通过各种决策发生的，其中许多决策涉及供水商的多个并行目标之间的权衡（例如，可靠性、成本效益、环境管理等）并影响未来可用的适应范围。研究结果有助于理解影响水基础设施强度和有效性的制度动态，包括供水系统内如何发生变化以及变化如何导致或远离路径依赖。结果支持决策和研究提供了一个简约的模型，可用于指导供水商的行动，指导决策支持工具的开发，更充分地捕捉供水商的决策过程，并指导供水系统的计算机建模。具体来说，该项目调查了决策在中型水系统在美国经历了中断，人口下降，或两者该项目的数据是通过访谈、焦点小组和二手资料收集的。这些被用来制定一个供水决策框架，可用于确定供水规划和运营中的关键事件或决定，这些事件或决定可作为拐点，为适应奠定基础，或导致抑制适应的路径依赖。该研究还揭示了在这些拐点发生的潜在竞争性制度逻辑，并确定了水供应商内部的个人，规范和制度过程相互作用以影响紧张关系如何解决的方式，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响进行评估，被认为值得支持审查标准。