Settlers, slaves, and merchants: the role of migrant networks in the economic development of the Americas

定居者、奴隶和商人：移民网络在美洲经济发展中的作用

• 批准号: 2121697
• 负责人: Jose-Antonio Espin-Sanchez
• 金额: $ 29.1万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2121697&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Settlers; slaves; merchants; role; migrant

Human capital is a term that refers to a person’s ability to produce value. Regions with populations with high levels of human capital are richer today, but what explains the differences in human capital between regions? Where people go and where they live determine how much human capital different places in the world have and in turn how wealthy or poor different regions are. Regional wealth differences in the Americas depend not only on who lives there now, but also on historical patterns of migration and human capital concentration during colonial times. This project develops a large database of where voluntary and involuntary (slaves) migrants went during colonial times. The database will contain information about migrants’ origins, measures of their human capital such as education and occupation, and map migration networks from Spain and Africa to the Americas. The database will allow researchers and others to learn what types of human capital were important and how the human capital of migrants influenced long-term economic development in different regions. This project will create an open-source public database that will be available for scholars to carry out research on migration from a historical perspective in fields across the social sciences. The database will include the origins and destinations of all migrants, their physical attributes, and historical and contemporary socio-economic outcomes. Through a dedicated bilingual (English and Spanish) website, this project will provide: (i) the ability to examine data by regions over time in open-source friendly formats; (ii) historical maps with information on the main regions of origin and destination for migrants; (iii) short essays on migration flows, (iv) examples of primary sources; and (v) relevant bibliography. With this comprehensive database, researchers will be able to answer a large scope of questions about economic development in the Americas from a multidisciplinary perspective. Moreover, students and the public alike will be able to see first-hand the extraordinary flow of people that shaped the modern multicultural societies found all over the Americas.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

人力资本是一个术语，指的是一个人创造价值的能力。 今天，拥有高水平人力资本的人口的地区更富裕，但如何解释地区之间人力资本的差异？人们去哪里，住在哪里，决定了世界上不同地方拥有多少人力资本，进而决定了不同地区的贫富。 美洲的地区财富差异不仅取决于现在居住在那里的人，还取决于殖民时期移民和人力资本集中的历史模式。 该项目开发了一个大型数据库，记录殖民时期自愿和非自愿（奴隶）移民的去向。 该数据库将包含有关移民来源的信息、教育和职业等人力资本的衡量标准，并绘制从西班牙和非洲到美洲的移民网络图。该数据库将使研究人员和其他人能够了解哪些类型的人力资本是重要的，以及移徙者的人力资本如何影响不同区域的长期经济发展。该项目将创建一个开放源代码的公共数据库，供学者从社会科学各领域的历史角度研究移徙问题。该数据库将包括所有移徙者的来源地和目的地、他们的身体特征以及历史和当代的社会经济成果。通过一个专门的双语（英文和西班牙文）网站，该项目将提供：㈠以开放源友好格式审查各区域长期数据的能力; ㈡历史地图，其中载有关于移徙者主要原籍和目的地区域的信息; ㈢关于移徙流动的短文; ㈣主要来源的实例; ㈤相关书目。有了这个全面的数据库，研究人员将能够从多学科的角度回答有关美洲经济发展的大范围问题。此外，学生和公众都将能够亲眼目睹塑造美洲各地现代多元文化社会的非凡人流。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。