Medicine in "World War III". Physicians and civil defense in West Germany (1960-1990)

“第三次世界大战”中的医学。

• 批准号: 249107226
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Ralph Jessen
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Neuere Geschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/249107226?language=en
• 关键词: Medicine; World; War; III; Physicians

The history of the Cold War is also the history of a nuclear war that did not occur. For decades politicians, military leaders, civil experts, as well as many citizens on both sides of the iron curtain did anticipate the possibility of a global war, fought out with weapons of mass destruction. The history of this war which did not take place remained a history of expectations and fantasies, of war games and strategic planning, of fallout shelter building campaigns and duck-and-cover exercises. And it was the history of civil defense administrations and worst case schemes, which anticipated the suffering and dying of millions of people. In Central Europe one of the main battlefields of this future war would have been the territory of both German states. This research project will investigate how the West German medical profession did prepare for the eventuality of a nuclear war on German soil between 1960 and 1990. It is based on a vast amount of published and unpublished sources from different branches of the civil administration, from the military medical service corps, from professional organizations of physicians, from civil defense agencies and also from peace activists as the International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War. The project will describe and analyze the professional discourse of physicians about their own role in the case of a nuclear war, the premises and scenarios they anticipated, the rules of action, which had been codified in handbooks and field manuals as well as public debates about civil defense and the reliability of the promised medical care under the threat of nuclear mass destruction. Methodologically it will combine perspectives from political and cultural history as well as from the history of the medical profession and the history of science. The study is likewise interested in the history of professional organizations, the self-image of physicians and of the public discourse about the legitimacy of experts who literally would have to decide about death or survival of millions of people. A broader and more systematic context of interpretation can be derived from the Foucauldian notion of bio-politics, Didier Fassin s considerations about politics of life, and the 20th Century vision of social engineering.

冷战的历史也是一部没有发生的核战争的历史。几十年来，政治家、军事领导人、民间专家以及铁幕两边的许多公民确实预见到了一场全球战争的可能性，用大规模杀伤性武器进行战斗。这场没有发生的战争的历史仍然是一部充满期望和幻想的历史，一部充满战争游戏和战略规划的历史，一部充满放射性尘埃掩蔽所建设运动和躲避掩护演习的历史。这是民防管理和最坏情况计划的历史，预计数百万人的痛苦和死亡。在中欧，这场未来战争的主要战场之一将是两个德国的领土。本研究项目将调查西德医学界如何为1960年至1990年德国土地上的核战争做准备。它基于大量已发表和未发表的资料来源，这些资料来自民政管理的不同部门、军事医疗服务团、专业医生组织、民防机构以及和平活动家，如防止核战争国际医生组织。该项目将描述和分析医生关于他们在核战争中的作用的专业话语，他们预期的前提和场景，行动规则，这些规则已编入手册和现场手册以及关于民防的公开辩论和在核大规模毁灭的威胁下承诺的医疗保健的可靠性。从方法论上讲，它将联合收割机从政治和文化史以及从医学专业史和科学史的角度结合起来。这项研究同样对专业组织的历史、医生的自我形象以及关于专家合法性的公众话语感兴趣，这些专家实际上必须决定数百万人的死亡或生存。一个更广泛和更系统的解释背景可以从福柯的生物政治学概念，迪迪埃·法辛对生活政治学的思考，以及20世纪世纪的社会工程学视野中得到。