RAPID: Hot spring microbial response to magma intrusion at Fagradalsfjall volcano, Iceland

RAPID：冰岛 Fagradalsfjall 火山温泉微生物对岩浆入侵的反应

• 批准号: 2132774
• 负责人: Karen Lloyd
• 金额: $ 5.11万
• 依托单位: University of Tennessee Knoxville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-06-01 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2132774&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Hot; spring; microbial; response

On March 19, 2021 Fagradalsfjall volcano, near Reykjavik Iceland, began erupting, resulting in a new and prominent fissure. Volcanic eruptions release volatile gases underground that make their way to hot springs on the Earth's surface. The purpose of this RAPID project is to sample and analyze the microbial communities in the hot springs near the volcano. The PI and her team will employ a recently developed approach to track hot spring microbes and their activities on continental-scales. They will sample microbial communities across many different geothermal hot springs along a geological gradient, using a broad suite of simultaneously-collected geochemical measurements. A rapid response is necessary to take these samples during active volcanic activity. The work is being coordinated with collaborators in Iceland and will enhance international scientific collaboration. Video of the expedition will be shared via social media and in public presentations. The PI and her team have demonstrated that measuring a large number of geochemical constituents (e.g., carbon and nitrogen isotopes, metals, and noble gases in the aqueous, gas, and solid phases) and microbiological data (16S rRNA gene amplicon libraries, metagenomes, metatranscriptomes, and cell counts), enabled microbial community compositions and functions to be linked to the most salient geochemical factors for each part of the community. Beneath the Fagradalsfjall volcano, seismic activity indicates that magmas are injected along a NE-SW trending fault system, where abundant natural hot springs occur. This project will test the hypothesis that the microbial communities in hot springs near the volcanic activity will experience more pronounced reactions to volatile fluxes than those in distal hot springs. By sampling hot springs variably influenced by the nearby magmatic intrusions, microbial ecosystems will be tracked across a gradient of volatile influence. Since these expulsions are short-lived, the sampling campaign is extremely time-sensitive. This study will have unprecedented access to a gradient of nascent magmatic disturbances to hydrothermal ecosystems. It will link hot spring microbial communities with the deep subsurface nutrients that may drive them, which has not yet been explored in a plume-driven continental rift. Filmed products of the expedition and scientific studies will be shared via social media and outreach with the public.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

2021年3月19日，雷克雅未克冰岛附近的Fagradalsfjall火山开始爆发，导致了新的和杰出的裂缝。 火山喷发在地下释放挥发性气体，该气体通向地球表面的温泉。这个快速项目的目的是对火山附近温泉的微生物群落进行采样和分析。 PI和她的团队将采用最近开发的方法来跟踪温泉微生物及其在大陆量表上的活动。他们将使用一系列同时收集的地球化学测量值套件，沿着地质梯度进行许多不同地热温泉的微生物群落。在活跃的火山活性期间，需要快速响应来采集这些样品。这项工作正在与冰岛的合作者协调，并将增强国际科学合作。探险的视频将通过社交媒体和公开演讲共享。 The PI and her team have demonstrated that measuring a large number of geochemical constituents (e.g., carbon and nitrogen isotopes, metals, and noble gases in the aqueous, gas, and solid phases) and microbiological data (16S rRNA gene amplicon libraries, metagenomes, metatranscriptomes, and cell counts), enabled microbial community compositions and functions to be与社区每个部分最显着的地球化学因素有关。在Fagradalsfjall火山的下方，地震活动表明岩浆沿着NE-SW趋势断层系统注入，那里发生了丰富的天然温泉。该项目将检验以下假设：火山活动附近温泉中的微生物群落将对挥发性通量的反应比远端温泉的反应更明显。通过对附近岩浆入侵的多样化的温泉进行采样，微生物生态系统将在挥发性影响的梯度中进行跟踪。由于这些驱逐是短暂的，因此采样活动非常敏感。这项研究将使对水热生态系统的新生岩浆干扰的梯度前所未有。它将将温泉微生物群落与可能驱动它们的深面营养物联系起来，尚未在羽流驱动的大陆裂谷中探索。探险和科学研究的拍摄产品将通过社交媒体共享并与公众共享。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准通过评估来支持的。