Collaborative Research: Understanding Molecular Mechanisms of Immune Response to a Herbivore-Associated Peptide Elicitor

合作研究：了解草食动物相关肽诱导子免疫反应的分子机制

• 批准号: 2139987
• 负责人: Savithramma Dinesh-Kumar
• 金额: $ 25.35万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2139987&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Understanding; Molecular; Mechanisms

Plants are defended from pests and pathogens through a sophisticated immune system to recognize attackers. The molecular pathways which control immune responses to chewing herbivores such as caterpillars are poorly understood. Detection of insect attackers is mediated by receptors at the plant cell plasma membrane which bind characteristic molecular patterns of attack and send intracellular signals to active defense responses. How these receptors carry out recognition and signaling functions is of critical importance for disease and pest resistance including in crop plants. This proposal seeks to define pathways and molecular factors which control plant responses to herbivores within an attacked plant leaf. Understanding these factors will allow targeted breeding and/or engineering of resistance traits against herbivores. The project will also launch an innovative cross-campus internship to solidify undergraduate identity as a plant biologist. Two undergraduates each summer will participate in the alternative campus’ Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (LSAMP) internship at University of Washington or UC Davis in a mentored research experience, before returning to their home campus for their senior year. Participation for each student in two plant immunity labs will strengthen confidence and feeling of self-efficacy in promising BIPOC or first-gen interns.The project will leverage Inceptin Receptor (INR), a newly discovered pattern recognition receptor (PRR) which detects Inceptin, a herbivore-associated molecular pattern (HAMP) found in caterpillar oral secretions. INR is a leucine-rich repeat-containing, receptor-like protein and is specific to a subtribe of legumes, the Phaseolinae. The project will use backcrossed lines of common bean with an introgressed INR deletion to quantify the contribution of INR to overall herbivore defense. Receptor-dependent responses following live herbivore challenge will be quantified at multiple timepoints and spatial scales. Reverse genetic approaches will be used to test the contribution of putative herbivore-specific factors. A forward genetic screen for novel legume factors will also be performed. The project will test the hypothesis that INR-mediated responses to HAMPs reflect amplification of damage-associated processes as well as specific targets for strong anti-herbivore defense responses. The proposed work will span plant-pathogen and plant-herbivore interactions to contribute to a holistic view of PRRs functions in plant biotic interactions. INR is a candidate for transfer into legume and non-legume species that lack this specific PRR, including soybean. Understanding the immune contribution of a HAMP recognition module will inform the use of PRRs to confer agricultural traits.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

植物通过复杂的免疫系统识别攻击者来防御害虫和病原体。控制对食草动物(如毛虫)的免疫反应的分子途径知之甚少。昆虫侵袭者的检测是由植物细胞质膜上的受体介导的，这些受体结合了特定的攻击分子模式，并发送细胞内信号来做出积极的防御反应。这些受体如何执行识别和信号功能对包括农作物在内的病虫害抗性至关重要。这项提议试图定义控制植物对遭受攻击的植物叶片中食草动物的反应的途径和分子因素。了解这些因素将允许有针对性地培育和/或改造对草食动物的抗性特征。该项目还将推出创新的跨校园实习，以巩固本科生作为植物生物学家的身份。每年夏天，两名本科生将参加另类校园的路易斯·斯托克斯少数族裔参与联盟(LSAMP)在华盛顿大学或加州大学戴维斯分校的实习，进行有指导的研究体验，然后返回他们的家乡校园读大四。每个学生参加两个植物免疫实验室将增强对有前途的BIPOC或第一代互联网的自信和自我效能感。该项目将利用Inceptin受体(INR)，这是一种新发现的模式识别受体(PRR)，它检测Inceptin，一种在毛虫口腔分泌物中发现的草食动物相关分子模式(HAMP)。INR是一种富含亮氨酸重复序列的受体样蛋白，是豆科植物中的一个亚族所特有的。该项目将使用带有导入的INR缺失的普通菜豆的回交线来量化INR对整体草食动物防御的贡献。活体食草动物挑战后的受体依赖反应将在多个时间点和空间尺度上进行量化。反向遗传方法将被用来测试假定的食草动物特有因素的贡献。还将对新的豆类因子进行正向遗传筛查。该项目将检验这一假设，即INR介导的对HAMPS的反应反映了损害相关过程的放大，以及强烈抗草食动物防御反应的特定靶点。这项拟议的工作将跨越植物-病原体和植物-食草动物的相互作用，以有助于全面了解PRRs在植物生物相互作用中的功能。INR是一个转移到缺乏这种特定PRR的豆科和非豆科物种的候选品种，包括大豆。了解HAMP认可模块的免疫贡献将有助于使用PRR授予农业试验。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。