CAREER: Advancing Accessible Making for People with Visual Impairments via Tactile Shape Displays

职业：通过触觉形状显示器为视力障碍人士推进无障碍制作

• 批准号: 2142782
• 负责人: Sean Follmer
• 金额: $ 60万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2142782&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Advancing; Accessible; Making; People

Affordable 3D printing technologies have enabled the maker movement by giving individuals the ability to create finished physical products. However, existing computer-aided design (CAD) tools that allow authoring and editing of 3D models are not accessible to people who are blind or visually impaired due to the lack of widely available low-cost high resolution tactile displays for presenting 3D information to members of this community, and the scarcity of research and guidelines on multi-modal interaction with such displays. This work will address these issues through the development of fundamental technology supporting the creation of 2.5D refreshable and scalable tactile displays, and rigorous investigation of their use by the intended audience in the context of perception, interaction, and learning, thereby providing access to essential tools for STEM education and employment. Project outcomes will contribute to the fields of accessible user interfaces and haptic technology. Additional broad impact will derive from the resulting understanding of how better to design 3D user interfaces in general to enable wide scale use of such systems.To achieve the stated goals, this project will investigate four key research questions: (1) How can low-cost, high resolution 2.5D tactile displays be developed? (2) What interaction techniques are necessary to understand and interact with 3D information using such displays? (3) How can 3D authoring and making best be supported for members of the target community? (4) How does access to 3D printing in the wild change this community's self-efficacy of making and their opinions of STEM? To these ends, the project will focus on the following synergistic research aims: using electrostatic adhesive inchworm motor arrays to enable low-cost, high resolution 2.5D tactile displays; supporting direct manipulation and multi-modal interaction for shape understanding and authoring for makers who are blind or visually impaired; and long-term deployment of a mixed-initiative system for supporting 3D understanding and authoring, to validate the tool and its effect on self-efficacy and learning. The research agenda will be tightly integrated with a meaningful education plan, including development of informal STEM learning materials for the target audience and deployment of those materials at community workshops, as well as course development in the area of accessible user interfaces and technology, with specific attention to touch and audio interaction.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

负担得起的3D打印技术通过使个人能够创建成品物理产品来使制造商运动。 但是，由于缺乏广泛可用的低成本高分辨率触觉显示，无法访问盲人或视力障碍的人的现有计算机辅助设计（CAD）工具，无法访问3D或视力障碍的人，无法向该社区的成员提供3D信息，并且缺乏与此类显示器相互作用的研究和指南的稀缺性。 这项工作将通过开发基本技术来解决这些问题，以支持创建2.5D可令人振奋和可扩展的触觉显示，并在感知，互动和学习的背景下对预期受众的使用进行严格的调查，从而为STEM教育和就业提供了必要的工具。 项目成果将为可访问的用户界面和触觉技术的领域做出贡献。 从结果中了解如何更好地设计3D用户界面以实现此类系统的大规模使用。为了实现既定目标，该项目将研究四个关键的研究问题：（1）如何开发出四个关键的研究问题？ （2）使用此类显示需要哪些相互作用技术来理解和与3D信息进行交互？ （3）如何为目标社区成员提供3D创作和最佳支持？ （4）在野外访问3D打印如何改变社区的自我效能及其对STEM的看法？ 对于这些目的，该项目将重点关注以下协同研究的目的：使用静电粘合剂Inch虫运动阵列以实现低成本，高分辨率2.5D触觉显示；支持直接操纵和多模式互动，以使盲人或视力障碍的制造商的形状理解和创作；以及长期部署混合定位系统，以支持3D理解和创作，以验证该工具及其对自我效能感和学习的影响。研究议程将与有意义的教育计划紧密整合，包括为目标受众开发非正式的STEM学习材料，并在社区研讨会上部署这些材料，以及在可访问的用户界面和技术领域的课程开发，并特别关注触摸和音频互动。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过评估了基础，这表明了范围的范围。