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Physical Aging in Oscillatory and Excitable Systems

振荡和兴奋系统的物理老化

基本信息

批准号：
250552008
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Hildegard Meyer-Ortmanns
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department of Physics and Earth Sciences
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/250552008?language=en
关键词：
Physical Aging Oscillatory Excitable Systems

项目摘要

The aim of our project is to investigate physical aging, memory and rejuvenation effects in classical oscillatory and excitable systems. So far such effects were studied in spin systems, spin glasses, polymer glasses and other materials in a large number of publications; they are still topical as a part of challenging out-of-equilibrium dynamics. Since the systems of our focus have a completely different range of applications in genetic, cellular, neural and ecological networks, our studies may open a new branch of research. The reason for our conjecture to find analogous aging processes in oscillatory and excitable systems is based on our previous results on the impact of frustration, disorder and noise, the occurrence of multistability, of slow relaxations and coarse-grained patterns in these systems; all these are typical ingredients in aging spin systems, particularly in spin glasses. Therefore we shall search primarily for manifestations of aging in prototypical systems of oscillators and excitable units with and without disorder and frustration. Along with the identification of aging and dynamical scaling behavior goes the search for universality classes, in particular the comparison with known dynamical scaling behavior from spin glasses and other materials. Originally the very fact to find universal scaling laws in spin systems and materials out-of-equilibrium came as a surprise; now an extension of these universality classes towards an inclusion of systems with very different microscopic dynamics would be not less amazing as well as the discovery of new universality classes. Currently it is an open question whether at all, and if so, which common underlying microscopic mechanisms exist behind the various phenomena: physical aging in spin systems and materials, physical aging in simple models of biological systems, which are in the focus of this project, and complex multi-level biological systems alive. Since the envisaged oscillatory and excitable systems are microscopically very distinct from formerly considered systems, we assume that this project can contribute to uncover these mechanisms.

我们的项目的目的是研究在经典的振荡和兴奋系统的物理老化，记忆和复兴的影响。到目前为止，在大量出版物中研究了自旋系统、自旋玻璃、聚合物玻璃和其他材料中的这种效应;它们仍然是具有挑战性的非平衡动力学的一部分。由于我们关注的系统在遗传、细胞、神经和生态网络中有着完全不同的应用范围，我们的研究可能会开辟一个新的分支研究。我们猜想在振荡和可激发系统中发现类似的老化过程的原因是基于我们以前的结果，这些结果涉及挫折，无序和噪声的影响，这些系统中多稳态的发生，缓慢弛豫和粗粒度图案;所有这些都是老化自旋系统的典型成分，特别是在自旋玻璃中。因此，我们将主要在振荡器和可兴奋单位的原型系统中寻找衰老的表现，有无无序和挫折。沿着对老化和动力学标度行为的识别是对普适类的搜索，特别是与来自自旋玻璃和其他材料的已知动力学标度行为的比较。最初，在自旋系统和失去平衡的物质中发现普适标度律的事实是令人惊讶的;现在，将这些普适性类扩展到包含具有非常不同的微观动力学的系统，就像发现新的普适性类一样令人惊讶。目前它是一个开放的问题是否在所有，如果是这样，共同的潜在微观机制存在于各种现象背后：物理老化的自旋系统和材料，物理老化的简单模型的生物系统，这是该项目的重点，和复杂的多层次的生物系统活着。由于设想的振荡和可兴奋的系统在微观上与以前考虑的系统非常不同，我们假设这个项目可以有助于揭示这些机制。