Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Organic Reaction Rates and Mechanisms

有机反应速率和机理的实验和理论研究

• 批准号: 2153972
• 负责人: Kendall Houk
• 金额: $ 80万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2153972&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Experimental; Theoretical; Investigations; Organic; Reaction

In this project, funded by the Chemical Structure, Dynamics, and Mechanisms B Program of the Chemistry Division, Professor K. N. Houk of the UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering will develop new computational methods to understand chemical reactivity, selectivity and mechanisms. This research involves the use of equations of physics, primarily quantum mechanics and molecular dynamics. Intensive computer calculations predict the structures of molecules and the processes by which they transform to products during chemical reactions. The Houk group has pioneered in this area and continues to demonstrate to chemists that computation is a crucial adjunct to their experimental research. As one part of this project, computational models for perovskites are expected to lead to new architectures and additives for enhanced photovoltaic performance. Planned research will involve extensive collaboration with experimental research groups. This research provides for computational underpinning and contributes to the better understanding of new and puzzling experimental results, and provides guidance to experimentalists about new experiments. Broader impacts activities include outreach to students at UCLA, high schools and the general public. Group members participate in outreach to potential STEM students to attract them to the excitement of a career in computational chemistry. The participants supported by this grant continue to be active members of the Organization for Cultural Diversity in Science (OCDS) at UCLA.The Houk group has pioneered the study of ambimodal reactions that can form several products from one transition state. This continuing project will develop concepts to understand reactivities and mechanisms for organic reactions, and to improve computational methods for quantitative calculations of reaction rates and mechanisms. This project involves calculations of reaction paths and molecular dynamics of organic reactions, including reactions in solution. Various methods to analyze reactivity, such as the distortion/interaction model of reactivity that was conceived and developed in the Houk lab, will be applied to organic reactions and mechanisms, selectivities of organometallic reactions, and molecular dynamics of reactions in solution. Analyses and design of new perovskite photovoltaics will be performed. New approaches to understanding chemical reactivity will be developed. Collaborations on mechanisms and selectivities with experimental research groups are expected to provide explanations and guide future research directions. This project will have a significant component dedicated to the computational study of newly discovered, organic and organometallic reactions. New methods will be developed and shared with the general chemical community. Predictions of new chemistry will be studied by collaborators. Broader impacts of this research include training of future leaders of organic computation and theory, teaching the chemical community how to solve problems with computation, as well as teaching theoreticians how to communicate with experimentalists. The highly collaborative environment of this research is a significant benefit to the researchers engaged in this science. Undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctorals will be trained in the use of theory and computation as a companion to experiment for the solution of chemical problems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

本课题由化学系化学结构、动力学和机理B项目资助，由K. N.加州大学洛杉矶分校化学和生物化学系的Houk以及化学和生物分子工程将开发新的计算方法来了解化学反应性，选择性和机制。这项研究涉及使用物理方程，主要是量子力学和分子动力学。密集的计算机计算预测了分子的结构以及它们在化学反应中转化为产物的过程。Houk小组在这一领域处于领先地位，并继续向化学家证明计算是他们实验研究的重要辅助手段。作为该项目的一部分，钙钛矿的计算模型预计将导致新的架构和添加剂，以提高光伏性能。计划中的研究将涉及与实验研究小组的广泛合作。这项研究提供了计算基础，有助于更好地理解新的和令人困惑的实验结果，并提供指导实验家关于新的实验。 更广泛的影响活动包括向加州大学洛杉矶分校的学生、高中和公众进行宣传。 小组成员参与外联潜在的STEM学生，以吸引他们在计算化学职业生涯的兴奋。受此资助的参与者仍然是加州大学洛杉矶分校科学文化多样性组织（OCDS）的积极成员。Houk小组开创了双峰反应的研究，这种反应可以从一个过渡态形成几种产物。这个持续的项目将开发概念，以了解有机反应的反应性和机制，并改善定量计算反应速率和机制的计算方法。该项目涉及有机反应的反应路径和分子动力学的计算，包括溶液中的反应。各种方法来分析反应性，如反应性的扭曲/相互作用模型，在霍克实验室构思和开发，将被应用到有机反应和机制，有机金属反应的选择性，以及在溶液中反应的分子动力学。将进行新型钙钛矿光致发光材料的分析和设计。将开发理解化学反应性的新方法。与实验研究小组的机制和选择性合作，预计将提供解释和指导未来的研究方向。该项目将有一个重要的组成部分，致力于新发现的有机和有机金属反应的计算研究。将开发新方法并与一般化学界分享。新化学的预测将由合作者进行研究。这项研究的更广泛的影响包括培养有机计算和理论的未来领导者，教授化学界如何用计算解决问题，以及教授理论家如何与实验家沟通。这项研究的高度协作环境对从事这项科学的研究人员来说是一个重大的好处。本科生、研究生和博士后将接受使用理论和计算作为解决化学问题的实验伴侣的培训。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Probative Evidence and Quantitative Energetics for the Unimolecular Mechanism of the 1,5-Sigmatropic Hydrogen Shift of Cyclopentadiene

环戊二烯 1,5-Sigmatropic 氢转移单分子机制的证据和定量能量学

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02145
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The Journal of Organic Chemistry
• 作者: Tran, Quan;Sengupta, Arkajyoti;Houk, K. N.
• 通讯作者: Houk, K. N.

Fluoro, Trifluoromethyl, and Trifluoroacetyl Substituent Effects on Cycloaddition Reactivities: Computations and Analysis

氟、三氟甲基和三氟乙酰基取代基对环加成反应活性的影响：计算和分析

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02264
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: The Journal of Organic Chemistry
• 作者: Su, Ruirui;Xie, Kaili;Liang, Yong;Houk, K. N.;Liu, Fang
• 通讯作者: Liu, Fang

Mechanistic Insights into the Reaction of Amidines with 1,2,3-Triazines and 1,2,3,5-Tetrazines.

对胺与1,2,3-三嗪和1,2,3,5-四嗪的反应的机理见解。

• DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03726
• 发表时间: 2022-06-22
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
• 影响因子: 15
• 作者: Wu, Zhi-Chen;Houk, K. N.;Boger, Dale L.;Svatunek, Dennis
• 通讯作者: Svatunek, Dennis

Prediction of High-Yielding Single-Step or Cascade Pericyclic Reactions for the Synthesis of Complex Synthetic Targets

用于合成复杂合成目标的高产单步或级联周环反应的预测

• DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09830
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of the American Chemical Society
• 影响因子: 15
• 作者: Mita Tsuyoshi;Takano Hideaki;Hayashi Hiroki;Kanna Wataru;Harabuchi Yu;Houk K. N.;Maeda Satoshi
• 通讯作者: Maeda Satoshi

Diastereoselective Radical Aminoacylation of Olefins through N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis

N-杂环卡宾催化烯烃的非对映选择性自由基氨酰化

• DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11209
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of the American Chemical Society
• 影响因子: 15
• 作者: Wen-Deng Liu;Woojin Lee;Hanyu Shu;Chuyu Xiao;Huiwei Xu;Xiangyang Chen;Kendall N. Houk;Jiannan Zhao
• 通讯作者: Jiannan Zhao