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How reading mode, expertise, and disorders affect phonological and semantic processing in reading: investigations using eye movements during silent and oral reading, comparing developing, deaf, dyslexic, and normal readers, making use of special propertie

阅读模式、专业知识和障碍如何影响阅读中的语音和语义处理：在默读和口头阅读期间使用眼动进行调查，比较发育中的、聋哑的、阅读困难的和正常的读者，利用特殊属性

基本信息

批准号：
251103812
负责人：
Dr. Jochen Laubrock
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl Trainings- und Bewegungswissenschaft
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/251103812?language=en
关键词：
How reading mode expertise disorders

项目摘要

We aim at investigating phonological and semantic processing in silent and oral reading, comparing skilled, developing, dyslexic, and deaf readers, using eye movement measures. We will compare (a) deaf, dyslexic and normal readers; (b) silent and oral reading; (c) younger and older readers in order to gain a better understanding of developmental aspects of the reading process and of problems therein. We will use features of the Chinese and German languages and writing systems that are particularly suited to explore these differences, thereby providing test data for computational models of eye movements during reading and for models of reading aloud.We will research reading dynamics with the following program, focusing on foveal and parafoveal differences in semantic and phonological information processing. We will conduct two series of new studies to address parafoveal processing in oral and silent reading. In the first line, we will collect data from oral and silent reading using the boundary paradigm. We will manipulate the semantic and phonological relatedness of the target word and the preview word. This allows us to test the relative weighting of semantic and phonological information in different reading modes. We predict that phonological PB will be more pronounced in oral than in silent reading, and reading aloud will reduce semantic PB in Chinese. To our knowledge, no published study has used the boundary paradigm to compare parafoveal processing in silent and oral reading. In the second line of studies, we use the moving-window paradigm to investigate the perceptual span in both reading modes. We collect new reading data from different populations such as adults using different languages, normal-developing children, and dyslexic readers. This will allow us to address issues such as the relative importance of parafoveal information and the attentional span in normal children and dyslexics. Furthermore, readers of Chinese script tend to have faster access to semantics than to phonology, whereas readers of a fairly transparent alphabetic orthography such as German tend to have faster access to phonology than to semantics. By comparing the perceptual span in oral and silent reading of matched material between languages we hope to further investigate language differences in oral and silent reading and learn about whether and how the relative weighting of semantics and phonology in different scripts supports lexical and sublexical processing.Besides these two new series of research, we will also collect data from deaf readers, aiming at testing how they use the phonetic radicals of Chinese compound characters. By testing phonetic combinability and consistency effects, we investigate whether the phonetic radical is used phonologically or orthographically during lexical access. By testing the semantic combinability and phonetic consistency effects we investigate whether the phonetic radical can be used semantically.

我们的目的是调查语音和语义加工在无声和口语阅读，比较熟练，发展中，阅读障碍，聋人读者，使用眼动措施。我们将比较（a）聋人、诵读困难者和正常人;（B）默读和口语阅读;（c）年轻人和老年人，以便更好地了解阅读过程的发展方面以及其中的问题。我们将利用中国和德国的语言和书写系统的特点，特别适合探索这些差异，从而提供测试数据的计算模型的眼动在阅读和模型的阅读。我们将研究阅读动力学与以下程序，重点是中央凹和旁脑差异的语义和语音信息处理。我们将进行两个系列的新研究，以解决旁视加工在口头和无声的阅读。在第一行，我们将收集数据，从口头和无声的阅读使用边界范式。我们将操纵目标词和预览词的语义和语音相关性。这使我们能够测试语义和语音信息在不同的阅读模式中的相对权重。我们预测语音PB在口语中比在无声阅读中更明显，而阅读会降低汉语的语义PB。据我们所知，还没有发表的研究使用边界范式来比较旁视加工在无声和口语阅读。在第二部分，我们采用移动窗口范式考察了两种阅读模式下的知觉广度。我们从不同的人群中收集新的阅读数据，例如使用不同语言的成年人，正常发育的儿童和有阅读障碍的读者。这将使我们能够解决诸如旁中央窝信息的相对重要性以及正常儿童和诵读困难者的注意力广度等问题。此外，汉字的读者倾向于更快地获得语义而不是语音，而像德语这样相当透明的字母正字法的读者倾向于更快地获得语音而不是语义。通过比较两种语言在口语和无声阅读中对匹配材料的知觉广度，我们希望进一步研究口语和无声阅读中的语言差异，并了解不同文字中语义和语音的相对权重是否以及如何支持词汇和亚词汇加工。除了这两个新的系列研究，我们还将收集聋人读者的数据，目的是测试他们如何使用汉语复合字的声旁。通过测试语音的可组合性和一致性效应，我们研究了在词汇通达过程中，语音的部首是按语音还是按拼写使用的。通过语义组合效应和语音一致性效应的检验，考察了声旁是否可以语义化使用。