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Saccadic adaptation and visual perception

扫视适应和视觉感知

基本信息

批准号：
251576968
负责人：
Professor Dr. Markus Lappe
金额：
--
依托单位：
Arbeitseinheit Allgemeine Psychologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/251576968?language=en
关键词：
Saccadic adaptation visual perception

项目摘要

Humans interact with the visual world through eye movements. Saccades are fast eye movements that re-direct gaze to new locations in the environment. Saccades are controlled by a network of visual, visuo-motor and motor areas of the brain. Plastic processes in this network ensure that saccades are accurately directed towards their goal. They do so by monitoring saccadic success and tuning saccade parameters to reduce errors. Recent results have shown that this tuning, called saccadic adaptation, not only affects saccade motor control but also higher stages of the oculomotor transformation that relate to visual space perception. The present proposal will investigate the processes behind saccadic adaptation and their relation to visual processing. Saccades are normally made to acquire new information about an object in the scene. Experiments on saccadic adaptation, however, have mostly been performed with simple and meaningless dot targets. Successful performance of a saccade in normal circumstances is directly related to the visual content of the saccade goal, its relevance to the task, and its motivational properties. The project will determine whether these factors affect the efficiency of saccadic learning. Secondly, the project will investigate the role that non-visual eye position signals play in the mechanisms of adaptation. After recent studies showed that saccadic adaptation is specific to the position of the eye in the orbit we need to investigate the specificity of eye position effects to saccade parameters amplitude, start and end point. Furthermore, we will investigate whether extraretinal eye positions signals even serve as a separate, non-visual learning signal for adaptation. Although the post-saccadic visual error is the main driving force of saccadic adaptation, eye position may provide additional information about whether the eye has reached the intended goal position. We will study whether this information is used by the oculomotor system. The third part of the work program will concentrate on the consequences of saccadic adaptation on perception and cognition. Previous studies have uncovered an influence of adaptation on perceptual localization, suggesting that errors of saccade targeting not only affect future saccade performance but also the visual perception of target locations. These findings suggested an intimate relationship between saccade planning and space perception. The proposal will search for possible similar relationships with two other aspects of visual function, namely visual search and visual working memory.

人类通过眼球运动与视觉世界互动。扫视是快速的眼球运动，将视线重新引导到环境中的新位置。扫视由大脑的视觉、视觉运动和运动区域的网络控制。这个网络中的可塑性过程确保扫视准确地指向其目标。他们通过监控扫视成功和调整扫视参数来减少错误。最近的研究结果表明，这种调整，称为扫视适应，不仅影响扫视运动控制，但也涉及到视觉空间感知的更高阶段的眼动变换。本研究将探讨扫视适应的过程及其与视觉加工的关系。通常进行扫视以获取关于场景中的对象的新信息。然而，扫视适应的实验大多是用简单和无意义的点目标进行的。在正常情况下，成功的眼跳表现与眼跳目标的视觉内容、眼跳目标与任务的相关性以及眼跳目标的动机属性直接相关。该项目将确定这些因素是否影响扫视学习的效率。其次，本研究将探讨非视觉眼位信号在适应机制中所扮演的角色。在最近的研究表明眼跳适应是特定于眼睛在眼眶中的位置之后，我们需要研究眼睛位置效应对眼跳参数幅度、开始和结束点的特异性。此外，我们将调查是否视网膜外的眼睛位置信号，甚至作为一个单独的，非视觉学习信号的适应。虽然扫视后视觉误差是扫视适应的主要驱动力，但是眼睛位置可以提供关于眼睛是否已经到达预期目标位置的附加信息。我们将研究这些信息是否被眼科系统使用。工作计划的第三部分将集中于扫视适应对感知和认知的后果。以往的研究发现，适应的知觉定位的影响，这表明错误的眼跳目标不仅影响未来的眼跳性能，但也目标位置的视觉感知。这些发现表明眼跳规划和空间知觉之间有着密切的关系。该建议将寻找与视觉功能的其他两个方面，即视觉搜索和视觉工作记忆可能存在的类似关系。