Neural mechanisms of motor adaptation for an internally driven movement

内部驱动运动的运动适应神经机制

• 批准号: 10417657
• 负责人: Yoshiko Kojima
• 金额: $ 45.78万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10417657
• 关键词: Address; Aging; Behavioral; Brain; Calibration; Characteristics; Cognitive; Cues; Disease; Error Sources; Exhibits; Fingers; Goals; Growth; Injury; Knowledge; Life; Location; Memory; Motor; Movement; Muscle; Nervous System; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Outcome; Patients; Plants; Play; Positioning Attribute; Property; Role; Saccades; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Site; Structure; System; Time; Visual; Visual impairment; Visuospatial; Work; experimental study; gaze; improved; innovation; interest; member; neural; neuromechanism; rapid eye movement; rehabilitation strategy; response; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; vector; visual stimulus

Project Summary/Abstract The object of interest is not always visible at the time of movement. Visuospatial working memory plays an essential role in directing movements in such situations. This system stores the position of an object in the visual world and can be used to direct a movement to engage it. This is an internally driven movement. In contrast, we make so-called externally cued movement when the object is visible at the time of movement. To make movements accurate in both situations, visuospatial working memory and the visual signal need to be appropriately transformed to a motor command signal. The mechanism that maintains the motor accuracy is called motor adaptation. The behavioral characteristics and neural mechanisms of motor adaptation for an externally cued movement are well understood, however, little is known about motor adaptation of an internally driven movement. Do adaptations for both types of movement engage the same neural mechanism? If they are different, how are they different in their behavioral characteristics and neural mechanisms, and do they interact? We will use saccadic eye movements to study motor adaptation. Saccades, rapid eye movements that direct the gaze to targets of interest, can be induced by an external visual signal (visually-guided saccade, VGS) or by an internal visuospatial working memory (memory-guided saccade, MGS). Also, saccades are very precise. Because saccades remain accurate throughout life, despite the neural and muscular changes due to aging or injury, the saccadic system must be continually recalibrated through saccade adaptation. When we examined the VGS after MGS adaptation, VGS remained unchanged. Therefore, we hypothesize that the neural mechanism for MGS adaptation is distinct from that for VGS adaptation. In this project, we propose to investigate the adaptation of MGS and compare it with that of VGS. The main innovation of this study is that it could reveal a yet unknown motor adaptation mechanism for internally driven movement. The innovative concept is that the neural basis of motor adaptation for internally and externally driven movements could be separate but interact. Understanding the neuronal basis of motor adaptation for both externally and internally driven movements will provide a comprehensive picture of motor adaptation.

项目摘要/摘要 感兴趣的对象在移动时并不总是可见的。视觉空间工作记忆扮演着 在这种情况下，在指挥行动方面发挥重要作用。此系统将对象的位置存储在 视觉世界，并可以用来指导一个运动，以参与其中。这是一场由内部驱动的运动。在……里面 相反，当物体在运动时可见时，我们就进行所谓的外部提示运动。至 在两种情况下都要使动作准确，视觉空间工作记忆和视觉信号需要 适当地转换为马达指令信号。 维持运动准确性的机制称为运动适应。行为上的 对外部提示动作的运动适应的特征和神经机制很好 然而，人们对内部驱动运动的运动适应知之甚少。进行改编 两种运动都有相同的神经机制吗？如果它们是不同的，它们在 它们的行为特征和神经机制，它们之间有相互作用吗？ 我们将使用眼球跳动来研究运动适应。眼跳，快速的眼球运动 对感兴趣目标的凝视可以由外部视觉信号(视觉引导的扫视，VGS)或 通过内部视觉空间工作记忆(记忆引导的扫视，MGS)。此外，扫视是非常精确的。 因为眼跳在一生中都保持准确，尽管由于衰老或肌肉老化而导致的神经和肌肉变化 对于眼跳损伤，眼跳系统必须通过眼跳适应来不断地重新校准。 当我们检查MGS适应后的VGS时，VGS保持不变。因此，我们假设 MGS适应的神经机制与VGS适应的神经机制不同。在这个项目中，我们 建议调查MGS的适应情况，并将其与VGS进行比较。 本研究的主要创新之处在于揭示了一种未知的运动适应机制。 内部驱动的运动。创新的概念是内部运动适应的神经基础 外部驱动的运动可能是独立的，但又是相互作用的。理解运动的神经基础 对外部和内部驱动运动的适应将提供对电机的全面了解 适应。