Neural mechanisms of motor adaptation for an internally driven movement

内部驱动运动的运动适应神经机制

• 批准号: 10417657
• 负责人: Yoshiko Kojima
• 金额: $ 45.78万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10417657
• 关键词: Address; Aging; Behavioral; Brain; Calibration; Characteristics; Cognitive; Cues; Disease; Error Sources; Exhibits; Fingers; Goals; Growth; Injury; Knowledge; Life; Location; Memory; Motor; Movement; Muscle; Nervous System; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Outcome; Patients; Plants; Play; Positioning Attribute; Property; Role; Saccades; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Site; Structure; System; Time; Visual; Visual impairment; Visuospatial; Work; experimental study; gaze; improved; innovation; interest; member; neural; neuromechanism; rapid eye movement; rehabilitation strategy; response; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; vector; visual stimulus

Project Summary/Abstract The object of interest is not always visible at the time of movement. Visuospatial working memory plays an essential role in directing movements in such situations. This system stores the position of an object in the visual world and can be used to direct a movement to engage it. This is an internally driven movement. In contrast, we make so-called externally cued movement when the object is visible at the time of movement. To make movements accurate in both situations, visuospatial working memory and the visual signal need to be appropriately transformed to a motor command signal. The mechanism that maintains the motor accuracy is called motor adaptation. The behavioral characteristics and neural mechanisms of motor adaptation for an externally cued movement are well understood, however, little is known about motor adaptation of an internally driven movement. Do adaptations for both types of movement engage the same neural mechanism? If they are different, how are they different in their behavioral characteristics and neural mechanisms, and do they interact? We will use saccadic eye movements to study motor adaptation. Saccades, rapid eye movements that direct the gaze to targets of interest, can be induced by an external visual signal (visually-guided saccade, VGS) or by an internal visuospatial working memory (memory-guided saccade, MGS). Also, saccades are very precise. Because saccades remain accurate throughout life, despite the neural and muscular changes due to aging or injury, the saccadic system must be continually recalibrated through saccade adaptation. When we examined the VGS after MGS adaptation, VGS remained unchanged. Therefore, we hypothesize that the neural mechanism for MGS adaptation is distinct from that for VGS adaptation. In this project, we propose to investigate the adaptation of MGS and compare it with that of VGS. The main innovation of this study is that it could reveal a yet unknown motor adaptation mechanism for internally driven movement. The innovative concept is that the neural basis of motor adaptation for internally and externally driven movements could be separate but interact. Understanding the neuronal basis of motor adaptation for both externally and internally driven movements will provide a comprehensive picture of motor adaptation.

项目总结/摘要 感兴趣的对象在移动时并不总是可见的。视觉空间工作记忆在 在这种情况下指导运动的重要作用。该系统将对象的位置存储在 视觉世界，可以用来指导一个运动来参与它。这是一个内部驱动的运动。在 相反，当物体在运动时可见时，我们进行所谓的外部暗示运动。到 在这两种情况下，使动作准确，视觉空间工作记忆和视觉信号需要 适当地转换为电机命令信号。 保持运动准确性的机制称为运动适应。行为 外部线索运动的运动适应特征和神经机制是良好的 然而，应当理解的是，关于内部驱动运动的电机适应知之甚少。做适应 两种运动的神经机制是一样的吗如果它们是不同的，那么它们在 他们的行为特征和神经机制，他们之间有互动吗？ 我们将使用扫视眼球运动来研究运动适应。扫视，快速的眼球运动， 对感兴趣的目标的凝视可以由外部视觉信号（视觉引导扫视，VGS）引起，或者 内部视觉空间工作记忆（Memory Guided Saccade，MGS）。此外，扫视是非常精确的。 因为扫视在整个生命中都保持准确，尽管由于衰老或衰老而引起神经和肌肉的变化， 由于眼动损伤，必须通过眼动适应不断地重新校准眼动系统。 当我们检查MGS适应后的VGS时，VGS保持不变。因此，我们假设 MGS适应的神经机制不同于VGS适应的神经机制。本课题 建议研究MGS的适应性，并将其与VGS进行比较。 这项研究的主要创新之处在于，它可以揭示一个未知的运动适应机制， 内部驱动的运动。创新的概念是，运动适应的神经基础， 和外部驱动的运动可以是分开的但相互作用。了解运动的神经基础 适应外部和内部驱动的运动将提供一个全面的图片电机 适应。