WoU-MMA: Collaborative Research: Advancing the SuperNova Early Warning System

WoU-MMA：合作研究：推进 SuperNova 早期预警系统

• 批准号: 2209449
• 负责人: James Kneller
• 金额: $ 16.51万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2209449&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: WoU; MMA; Collaborative; Research; Advancing

The end of the life of a massive star may result in a core collapse that produces a supernova. The energy released in these extreme astrophysical events is primarily carried away in the form of neutrinos produced during the collapse of the core. Since neutrinos interact only weakly with matter, compared to photons, they escape the supernova explosion without delay, arriving at Earth minutes to hours ahead of the optical component of the event. Neutrinos may therefore be harnessed as an early notification of the supernova that may trigger extensive follow-up observations of these relatively rare events within the galactic neighborhood. This award supports a collaborative group of scientists at several institutions to continue upgrading the SuperNovae Early Warning System (SNEWS), a state-of-the-art network between neutrino and dark matter detectors around the globe designed to provide automated prompt alerts of impending supernovae in our galaxy to the astronomical community. The team, consisting of experimentalists and phenomenologists with expertise in supernova physics, will develop optimizations to the SNEWS 2.0 system to enhance the detection capabilities. The awarded activities include the development of a follow-up strategy involving the amateur astronomer community, as well as a topical multi-lingual planetarium show developed for world-wide distribution.The onset of the next Galactic core-collapse supernova will be a rare opportunity to advance knowledge in both multi-messenger astrophysics and fundamental physics. The SNEWS program provides the means to observe a galactic supernova in neutrinos and, due to the early alarm, the onset of the supernova light curve. Benchmarking of the system components via a series of realtime readiness tests will improve the network’s robustness, performance and capabilities. Building on the existing network architecture for multi-messenger astronomy, the updated system will provide the ability to identify bursts of pre-supernova and supernova neutrinos, and therefore enhance the ability to localize the neutrino arrival directions for electromagnetic follow-up. This project advances the goals of the NSF Windows on the Universe Big Idea.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

巨大恒星生命的终结可能会导致核心崩溃产生超新星。这些极端天体物理事件中释放的能量主要以核心崩溃期间产生的神经元的形式散开。由于与照片相比，由于神经元仅与物质相互作用，因此它们毫不延迟地逃脱了超新星爆炸，比事件的光学组成部分提前几分钟到达地球。因此，可以将中微子作为对超新星的早期通知，这可能会引发银河系中这些相对罕见的事件的广泛随访。该奖项支持多个机构的一组科学家小组，以继续升级Supernovae预警系统（SNEWS），SNEWS（SNEWS）是全球神经元与暗物质探测器之间的最先进的网络，旨在为天文学社区提供自动化的迅速警报，以提示我们的银河系中即将到来的超级新闻。该团队由具有超新星物理学专业知识的实验家和现象学家组成，将对SNEWS 2.0系统进行优化，以增强检测能力。奖励的活动包括制定涉及业余天文学家社区的后续策略，以及用于全球分布开发的局部多语言天文馆。 Snews程序提供了观察神经元中银河系超新星的意义，并且由于早期警报，Supernova Light Curve的发作。通过一系列实时准备测试对系统组件进行基准测试将改善网络的鲁棒性，性能和功能。更新的系统在现有的多门教天文学的现有网络体系结构的基础上，将提供识别Supernova和Supernova Neuros爆发的能力，从而增强了对电子随访的神经元到达方向的定位能力。该项目推动了NSF窗口在宇宙大想法上的目标。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来评估，被认为是珍贵的支持。