RUI: Quantum and Thermal Fluctuations in Monopoles, Spacetime, and Materials

RUI:单极子、时空和材料中的量子和热涨落

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2209582
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2022-08-01 至 2025-07-31
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

This RUI award funds the research activities of Professor Noah Graham at Middlebury College.Whether we are carrying out a physics experiment or using our eyes and ears in everyday life, we learn about the world through the reflection of waves. Ordinarily, these waves are created by a specific source, such as a light bulb or a sonar ping. However, even in the absence of a source, quantum-mechanical and thermal effects will spontaneously generate fluctuations that propagate and reflect according to the same rules of wave scattering. At the short distance scales relevant to nanotechnology, these fluctuations give rise to forces and interactions known as Casimir effects. Materials and structures with unusual properties --- which can range from "twisted" configurations that cannot unwind, to black holes from which waves cannot escape, to nonreciprocal materials that reflect light asymmetrically from a flat surface --- can in turn give rise to correspondingly unusual Casimir effects. This project will develop mathematical and computational tools to analyze such systems and predict the resulting forces and other associated properties, such as the rate of heat transfer. As micromechanical devices move to smaller and smaller scales, these calculations can inform possible features, as well as potential pitfalls, of their design. This project will also have significant broader impacts. Because scattering theory plays a fundamental role in many areas of physics and engineering, this project will provide valuable opportunities for undergraduate summer students to build essential skills through computational and mathematical research. Moreover, through education and outreach, the impact of this project will extend beyond the students directly involved to the broader department, college, and local community as well. This project will thus promote key national priorities, both by advancing fundamental and applied technological research and by building the core scientific and technical capabilities of the next generation of scientists and engineers.More specifically, this work will focus on calculations involving quantum and thermal fluctuations due to topological solitons, curved spacetime backgrounds such as the Schwarzschild black hole, and nonreciprocal materials for which the amplitudes for forward and reverse scattering are unequal. In each of these cases, subtleties arising from gauge symmetry and breaking of discrete symmetries, such as parity and time reversal, can lead to unusual features in the calculation and its phenomenological predictions. These consequences are most effectively analyzed in terms of scattering amplitudes for both real and complex wave number, through which the quantum field theory problem can be broken down into more familiar components based in quantum mechanics, electromagnetism, and statistical mechanics. As a result, this approach offers significant opportunities for meaningful contributions by undergraduate summer research students, who at the same time will learn broadly applicable techniques of scattering theory, wave mechanics, and computational physics through concrete calculations and numerical simulations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
这个Rui奖资助了米德尔伯里学院诺亚·格雷厄姆教授的研究活动。无论是进行物理实验,还是在日常生活中使用我们的眼睛和耳朵,我们都通过海浪的反射来了解世界。通常,这些波是由特定的源产生的,例如灯泡或声纳脉冲。然而,即使在没有源的情况下,量子力学和热效应也会自发地产生波动,根据相同的波散射规则传播和反射。在与纳米技术相关的短距离尺度上,这些波动产生了被称为卡西米尔效应的力和相互作用。具有不寻常性质的材料和结构-从不能解开的扭曲构型,到波不能逃逸的黑洞,再到从平面不对称反射光线的非互易材料-可以反过来产生相应的不寻常的卡西米尔效应。这个项目将开发数学和计算工具来分析这样的系统,并预测所产生的力和其他相关的性质,如热传输率。随着微机械设备向越来越小的规模发展,这些计算可以为其设计提供可能的特征和潜在的陷阱。该项目还将产生重大的更广泛的影响。由于散射理论在许多物理和工程领域发挥着基础性的作用,这个项目将为本科生暑期学生提供宝贵的机会,通过计算和数学研究来培养基本技能。此外,通过教育和外展,该项目的影响将从直接参与的学生扩展到更广泛的系、学院和当地社区。因此,该项目将通过推进基础和应用技术研究以及建设下一代科学家和工程师的核心科学和技术能力来促进关键的国家优先事项。更具体地说,这项工作将专注于计算涉及拓扑孤子、弯曲时空背景(如施瓦希尔德黑洞)和非互易材料(正向和反向散射幅度不相等)引起的量子和热涨落。在每一种情况下,规范对称性和离散对称性的破坏所产生的微妙之处,如宇称和时间反转,可能导致计算及其唯象预测中的不寻常特征。根据实波数和复波数的散射幅度,可以最有效地分析这些结果,通过这些幅度,可以将量子场论问题分解为基于量子力学、电磁学和统计力学的更熟悉的组成部分。因此,这种方法为本科生暑期研究提供了重要的机会,让他们做出有意义的贡献,同时他们将通过具体的计算和数值模拟学习广泛适用的散射理论、波力学和计算物理技术。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Quantum energies of BPS vortices in D=2+1 and D=3+1
D=2 1 和 D=3 1 中 BPS 涡旋的量子能量
  • DOI:
    10.1103/physrevd.106.076013
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    5
  • 作者:
    Graham, N.;Weigel, H.
  • 通讯作者:
    Weigel, H.
{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}

Noah Graham其他文献

Non-factive Understanding: A Statement and Defense
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s10838-019-09469-3
  • 发表时间:
    2019-09-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0.900
  • 作者:
    Yannick Doyle;Spencer Egan;Noah Graham;Kareem Khalifa
  • 通讯作者:
    Kareem Khalifa
Correction to: Factors associated with late risks of breast cancer‑specific mortality in the SEER registry
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s10549-021-06268-7
  • 发表时间:
    2021-07-06
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.000
  • 作者:
    José P. Leone;Carlos T. Vallejo;Michael J. Hassett;Julieta Leone;Noah Graham;Nabihah Tayob;Rachel A. Freedman;Sara M. Tolaney;Bernardo A. Leone;Eric P. Winer;Nancy U. Lin
  • 通讯作者:
    Nancy U. Lin
Estimating long-term mortality in women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer: The ‘ESTIMATE’ tool
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.ejca.2022.06.029
  • 发表时间:
    2022-09-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    José P. Leone;Noah Graham;Sara M. Tolaney;Bernardo A. Leone;Rachel A. Freedman;Michael J. Hassett;Julieta Leone;Carlos T. Vallejo;Eric P. Winer;Nancy U. Lin;Nabihah Tayob
  • 通讯作者:
    Nabihah Tayob
An electroweak oscillon.
弱电振荡。
  • DOI:
    10.1103/physrevlett.98.101801
  • 发表时间:
    2006
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    8.6
  • 作者:
    Noah Graham
  • 通讯作者:
    Noah Graham
Estimating mortality in women with triple-negative breast cancer: The ‘ESTIMATE triple-negative’ tool
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.ejca.2023.05.018
  • 发表时间:
    2023-08-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    José P. Leone;Noah Graham;Julieta Leone;Sara M. Tolaney;Bernardo A. Leone;Rachel A. Freedman;Michael J. Hassett;Carlos T. Vallejo;Eric P. Winer;Nancy U. Lin;Nabihah Tayob
  • 通讯作者:
    Nabihah Tayob

Noah Graham的其他文献

{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

{{ truncateString('Noah Graham', 18)}}的其他基金

RUI: Scattering Approach to Quantum Fluctuations: Casimir Forces, Curved Spacetime, and Solitons
RUI:量子涨落的散射方法:卡西米尔力、弯曲时空和孤子
  • 批准号:
    1820700
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RUI: Casimir Forces From Scattering Theory
RUI:散射理论中的卡西米尔力
  • 批准号:
    1520293
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RUI: Scattering Theory Casimir Methods and Coherent Structures in the Early Universe
RUI:散射理论卡西米尔方法和早期宇宙的相干结构
  • 批准号:
    1213456
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RUI: Oscillons and Casimir Forces in Classical and Quantum Field Theory
RUI:经典和量子场论中的振荡和卡西米尔力
  • 批准号:
    0855426
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RUI: Solitons and Oscillons in Quantum Field Theory
RUI:量子场论中的孤子和振荡
  • 批准号:
    0555338
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

相似国自然基金

Research on Quantum Field Theory without a Lagrangian Description
  • 批准号:
    24ZR1403900
  • 批准年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    0.0 万元
  • 项目类别:
    省市级项目
Simulation and certification of the ground state of many-body systems on quantum simulators
  • 批准号:
  • 批准年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    40 万元
  • 项目类别:
Mapping Quantum Chromodynamics by Nuclear Collisions at High and Moderate Energies
  • 批准号:
    11875153
  • 批准年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    60.0 万元
  • 项目类别:
    面上项目

相似海外基金

Quantum Annealing to Solve Complex Optimization Problems Using Negative Inductance and Thermal Fluctuations
利用负电感和热波动的量子退火解决复杂的优化问题
  • 批准号:
    23H05447
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)
Quantum magnetic and thermal transport by pi-electron spin
π电子自旋的量子磁和热传输
  • 批准号:
    23K17906
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
Novel Thermal Transport Phenomena in Quantum Materials
量子材料中的新型热传输现象
  • 批准号:
    2317618
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Thermal effects in solid state quantum computing
固态量子计算中的热效应
  • 批准号:
    2887316
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Studentship
Fundamentals of Quantum Annealer for Solving Complex Optimization Problems Using Negative Inductance and Thermal Fluctuations
使用负电感和热涨落解决复杂优化问题的量子退火器基础知识
  • 批准号:
    23H00180
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
Quantum and Thermal Creep of Skyrmions and Superconducting Vortices
斯格明子和超导涡旋的量子和热蠕变
  • 批准号:
    2330562
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Investigation of spinon Fermi surfaces in molecular quantum spin liquid materials by thermal Hall effect measurements
通过热霍尔效应测量研究分子量子自旋液体材料中的自旋费米面
  • 批准号:
    23K13065
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
Developments of neutron scattering, NMR, and thermal conductivity measurement techniques for the investigations of quantum phases in high magnetic fields
用于研究高磁场中量子相的中子散射、核磁共振和热导率测量技术的发展
  • 批准号:
    22H00104
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
CAREER: Understanding the Size Effects on Spin-mediated Thermal Transport in Nanostructured Quantum Magnets
职业:了解纳米结构量子磁体中自旋介导的热传输的尺寸效应
  • 批准号:
    2144328
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Exploring fluctuations in Quantum thermal machines
探索量子热机的波动
  • 批准号:
    2770282
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 13.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Studentship
{{ showInfoDetail.title }}

作者:{{ showInfoDetail.author }}

知道了