RUI: Scattering Approach to Quantum Fluctuations: Casimir Forces, Curved Spacetime, and Solitons

RUI：量子涨落的散射方法：卡西米尔力、弯曲时空和孤子

• 批准号: 1820700
• 负责人: Noah Graham
• 金额: $ 12万
• 依托单位: Middlebury College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1820700&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Scattering; Approach; Quantum; Fluctuations

This RUI award funds the research activities of Professor Noah Graham at Middlebury College in Middlebury, Vermont. We learn about our world via the reflection, transmission, and absorption of waves, from the light scattered by a blue sky to the rumble of seismic waves through the earth. As a result, the mathematical and computational tools for analyzing wave scattering play an essential role in our scientific and technological infrastructure. This research will develop and extend techniques of scattering theory and apply them both to answer questions about fundamental laws of physics and to analyze and design experiments studying microelectromechanical systems in nanotechnology. Because of the fundamental role scattering theory plays across science and engineering, this research is accessible to and provides valuable training for undergraduate students planning careers in a wide range of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields. The project will thus promote key national priorities through both advances in fundamental and applied research and in building the core technical capabilities of the next generation of scientists and engineers. Through education and outreach, the impact of this project will extend beyond the students directly involved to the broader college and local community as well.More specifically, this research will develop extensions of the variable phase method in analytic scattering theory and then use these techniques to address subtle questions in quantum field theory. These applications include computations of quantum corrections to the energies and charges of magnetic monopoles in models of particle physics, analysis of the effects of quantum fluctuations in curved spacetime and their consequences for general relativity and quantum gravity, and precise determination of Casimir forces in systems relevant to nanotechnology. Because it reduces problems in quantum field theory to the simpler and more familiar properties of wave scattering, this approach offers significant opportunities for undergraduate students working on this research to build broadly applicable scientific and technical skills, as well as opportunities for pedagogical integration of this research with the physics curriculum.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该RUI奖资助佛蒙特州米德尔伯里的米德尔伯里学院的Noah Graham教授的研究活动。 我们通过波的反射、透射和吸收来了解我们的世界，从蓝天散射的光到穿过地球的地震波的隆隆声。 因此，用于分析波散射的数学和计算工具在我们的科学和技术基础设施中发挥着至关重要的作用。 本研究将发展和扩展散射理论的技术，并将其应用于回答有关物理学基本定律的问题，并分析和设计研究纳米技术中微机电系统的实验。 由于散射理论在科学和工程中发挥的基本作用，这项研究可以为规划科学，技术，工程和数学（STEM）领域的本科生提供有价值的培训。 因此，该项目将通过在基础和应用研究方面取得进展以及在建设下一代科学家和工程师的核心技术能力方面促进国家的主要优先事项。 通过教育和推广，该项目的影响将从直接参与的学生扩展到更广泛的大学和当地社区。更具体地说，该研究将扩展分析散射理论中的变相位方法，然后使用这些技术来解决量子场论中的微妙问题。 这些应用包括粒子物理模型中磁单极子能量和电荷的量子修正计算，弯曲时空中量子涨落效应的分析及其对广义相对论和量子引力的影响，以及与纳米技术相关的系统中卡西米尔力的精确测定。 由于它将量子场论中的问题简化为波散射的更简单和更熟悉的性质，这种方法为从事这项研究的本科生提供了重要的机会，以建立广泛适用的科学和技术技能，以及将这项研究与物理课程进行教学整合的机会。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过评估被认为值得支持使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Quantum energies of BPS vortices in D=2+1 and D=3+1

D=2 1 和 D=3 1 中 BPS 涡旋的量子能量

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.106.076013
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Graham, N.;Weigel, H.
• 通讯作者: Weigel, H.

Winding number dependence of quantum vortex energies at one-loop

单环量子涡旋能量的绕数依赖性

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.l011901
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Graham, N.;Weigel, H.
• 通讯作者: Weigel, H.

Quantum corrections to soliton energies

• DOI: 10.1142/s0217751x22410044
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 期刊: International Journal of Modern Physics A
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: N. Graham;H. Weigel

Equilibrium forces on nonreciprocal materials

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.106.115106
• 发表时间: 2022-09-06
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW B
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Gelbwaser-Klimovsky，David;Graham，Noah;Krueger，Matthias
• 通讯作者: Krueger，Matthias

Near Field Propulsion Forces from Nonreciprocal Media

来自不可逆介质的近场推进力

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.170401
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Physical Review Letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Gelbwaser-Klimovsky, David;Graham, Noah;Kardar, Mehran;Krüger, Matthias
• 通讯作者: Krüger, Matthias