New Pathways Connecting Theory and Experiment

随着大型强子对撞机的出现、观测宇宙学的发展以及地下实验的进展，现代高能物理学已经进入了数据丰富的时代。作为他们研究的一部分，村山教授和霍尔教授的目标是通过建立新的理论，制定他们的预测，并提出新的想法进行实验测试，来调查和建立理论和实验之间的关键联系。这项研究的目标是揭示从粒子和弦的最小尺度到宇宙的最大尺度的深层秘密，包括对撞机物理学，暗物质，中微子，夸克味道和观测宇宙学。因此，这项研究符合国家利益，促进了美国基础科学的发展。预计这项研究也将产生更广泛的影响。村山和霍尔教授将培训研究生和本科生，他们将与他们合作进行研究，并将通过QuarkNet框架与高中教师和学生接触。他们还将举行公开讲座，其中许多将被录制并在YouTube上提供。最后，他们将继续在更广泛的粒子物理学界发挥重要的领导作用。第一个是超越标准模型的物理学，特别是建立暗物质、暗能量、超对称性和中微子的模型，并研究它们的现象。相比之下，第二集中在场论的形式方面，特别是它的数学结构和它与物理学其他领域的相关性。霍尔教授将研究几种不同的新想法，包括重QCD轴子的可能性，后期再加热可能产生的引力波，希格斯宇称的宇宙学意义，以及宇称恢复对中微子质量和味道的影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award funds the research activities of Professors Hitoshi Murayama and Lawrence Hall at the University of California, Berkeley.With the advent of the Large Hadron Collider, advances in observational cosmology, and progress in underground experiments, modern high-energy physics has entered a data-rich era. As part of their research, Professors Murayama and Hall aim to investigate and create critical ties between theory and experiment by building new theories, working out their predictions, and proposing new ideas for experiments to test. This research is guided by the goal of uncovering deep secrets that span from the smallest scales of particles and strings to the largest scales of the Universe, including collider physics, dark matter, neutrinos, quark flavor, and observational cosmology. This research is therefore in the national interest, furthering the development of fundamental science within the United States. This research is also envisioned to have significant broader impacts. Professors Murayama and Hall will train graduate and undergraduate students who will collaborate with them on their research, and will also reach out to high-school teachers and their students through the QuarkNet framework. They will also give public lectures, many of which will be recorded and made available on YouTube. Finally, they will continue their significant leadership roles within the broader particle-physics community.More technically, Professor Murayama's funded research has two major components. The first is physics beyond the Standard Model, in particular building models of dark matter, dark energy, supersymmetry, and neutrinos, and studying their phenomenologies. By contrast, the second focuses on formal aspects of field theory, in particular its mathematical structure and its relevance to other areas of physics. Professor Hall will investigate several different new ideas concerning the possibility of a heavy QCD axion, possible gravity waves from late reheating, cosmological implications of Higgs parity, and implications of parity restoration for neutrino masses and flavor.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.