MRI: Development of an ultra-resolution ARPES facility.

非技术摘要：这项重大研究仪器（MRI）奖计划开发世界上温度最低、能量分辨率最高的角分辨光电子能谱（ARPES）仪器，与美国目前最好的仪器相比，分辨率几乎提高了一个数量级。 ARPES是固体中电子量子行为的最直接探针，因此对于现代物理学，化学和材料科学研究不可或缺。然而，它仍然受到当今技术的能量和温度尺度的限制，并且表面敏感性意味着许多材料无法在未受污染的状态下进行测量。该设施将通过成为美国第一个将ARPES带到大多数现代量子材料的自然能量和温度尺度的仪器，以及通过飞机运输的定制真空手提箱连接到远程生长设施来解决这些缺陷。因此，该仪器将大大加速社区确定的在电子基础水平上测量，控制，设计和合成材料的重大挑战，以开发下一代量子技术和能源效率材料。它将为美国研究人员提供一个关键的新工具，使他们在物理、化学和材料科学与工程等关键领域处于领先地位。技术摘要：该项目计划开发世界上温度最低、分辨率最高的ARPES仪器。 ARPES是固体中电子量子行为的最直接探针，因此对于现代物理学，化学和材料科学研究不可或缺。然而，它仍然受到当今技术的能量和温度尺度的限制，并且表面敏感性意味着许多材料无法在未受污染的状态下进行测量。该设施将通过成为美国第一台将ARPES带到大多数现代量子材料的自然能量（亚meV）和温度（亚开尔文）尺度的仪器来解决这些缺陷，并通过使用标准旗帜式样品架的飞机运输定制真空手提箱连接到远程生长设施。该仪器将利用科罗拉多开发的全新低温技术以及将在最初几年使用的现有超分辨率激光源。该计划是该仪器最终移动到先进光源伯克利的光束线，该光束线正在升级，新的超分辨率单色仪将与ARPES仪器相匹配。 因此，该仪器将大大加速社区确定的在电子基础水平上测量，控制，设计和合成材料的重大挑战，以开发下一代量子技术和能源效率材料。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Nontechnical abstract:This Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) award plans to develop the world’s lowest temperature and highest energy-resolution angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) instrument, bringing almost an order of magnitude improvement in resolution compared to the best presently available in the United States. ARPES is the most direct probe of the quantum behavior of electrons in a solid and is thus indispensable for modern-day physics, chemistry, and materials science research. Nevertheless, it remains limited by the energy and temperature scales of present-day technologies, and the surface sensitivity means that many materials can’t be measured in their uncontaminated state. This facility will resolve these deficiencies by being the first instrument in the United States to bring ARPES to the natural energy and temperature scales of most modern quantum materials as well as by connecting to remote growth facilities via an airplane-transportable customized vacuum suitcase. This instrument will thus allow for a tremendous acceleration in progress towards the community-identified Grand Challenge of measuring, controlling, designing, and synthesizing materials at the fundamental level of the electrons so as to develop the next generation of materials for quantum technologies and energy efficiency. It will give United States researchers a critical new toolset to take the lead in these critical fields of physics, chemistry, and materials science and engineering.Technical abstract:This project plans to develop the world’s lowest temperature and highest resolution ARPES instrument. ARPES is the most direct probe of the quantum behavior of electrons in a solid and is thus indispensable for modern-day physics, chemistry, and materials science research. Nevertheless, it remains limited by the energy and temperature scales of present-day technologies, and the surface sensitivity means that many materials can’t be measured in their uncontaminated state. This facility will resolve these deficiencies by being the first instrument in the US to bring ARPES to the natural energy (sub-meV) and temperature (sub-Kelvin) scales of most modern quantum materials as well as by connecting to remote growth facilities via an airplane-transportable customized vacuum suitcase utilizing standard flag-style sample holders. The instrument will make use of brand-new cryogenic technology developed in Colorado as well as an existing ultra-resolution laser source that will be utilized for the first few years. The plan is for the instrument to eventually move to a beamline at the Advanced Light Source Berkeley, which is being upgraded with a new ultra-resolution monochromator that will be matched to this ARPES instrument. This instrument will thus allow for a tremendous acceleration in progress towards the community-identified Grand Challenge of measuring, controlling, designing, and synthesizing materials at the fundamental level of the electrons so as to develop the next generation of materials for quantum technologies and energy efficiency. It will give United States researchers a critical new toolset to take the lead in these critical fields of physics, chemistry, and materials science and engineering.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.