Reward Prediction in Creative Perception and Production

创意感知和制作中的奖励预测

• 批准号: 2240330
• 负责人: Psyche Loui
• 金额: $ 52.74万
• 依托单位: Northeastern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-15 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2240330&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Reward; Prediction; Creative; Perception; Production

Creativity is a cornerstone of human innovation. Despite its importance, it has traditionally been difficult to define and study rigorously. One important element of creativity seems to involve defying other’s expectations, by contributing something surprising or novel. Within psychology and neuroscience, robust methods exist for studying how the brain prepares for expected events but then responds to the unexpected. Until now, those methods have not been harnessed to study human creativity. In this set of experiments, participants either create and evaluate fictional stories in response to music or generate melodies with an easy-to-use computer interface and then evaluate them for creativity. Natural language processing and musical information retrieval tools are used to identify the uniqueness or the expectation-defying features of stories and sequences; neuroscience tools are incorporated to understand precisely how violations of expectations arise and contribute to creative outputs. The resultant model should help shape scientific knowledge about how to foster the human potential for innovation. The linkage between innovation and expectation-violation will be explored within three major aims: 1) To relate the ability to produce imagined stories and melodies to measures of individual differences in creativity; 2) To relate the perception of creativity to the fulfillment and violations of expectations as defined by the information content of imagined stories and melodies; and 3) To relate neural markers of creativity and innovation to expectancy violations using electroencephalography. The proposed research activities dovetail with plans to develop a course on Music and the Brain that brings together underrepresented students from Psychology, Neuroscience, and Music. In addition, the researchers and their students will organize outreach and career information events with Trenton Arts (Trenton Youth Orchestra) in New Jersey and Project STEP (String Training Education Program) in Boston.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

创造力是人类创新的基石。尽管它很重要，但传统上很难对其进行严格的定义和研究。创造力的一个重要因素似乎是通过贡献一些令人惊讶或新颖的东西来蔑视他人的期望。在心理学和神经科学中，存在强大的方法来研究大脑如何为预期事件做准备，然后对意外事件做出反应。到目前为止，这些方法还没有被用来研究人类的创造力。在这组实验中，参与者要么根据音乐创作和评估虚构的故事，要么用易于使用的计算机界面生成旋律，然后评估它们的创造力。自然语言处理和音乐信息检索工具被用来识别故事和序列的独特性或违背预期的特征;神经科学工具被用来精确地理解违反预期是如何产生的，并有助于创造性的输出。由此产生的模式应有助于形成关于如何培养人的创新潜力的科学知识。 创新与期望违背之间的联系将在三个主要目标下进行探索：1）将创造想象故事和旋律的能力与创造力的个体差异的测量相关联; 2）将创造力的感知与由想象故事和旋律的信息内容所定义的期望的实现和违背相关联;（3）利用脑电图将创造力和创新的神经标志物与期望违背联系起来。拟议的研究活动与开发音乐和大脑课程的计划相吻合，该课程汇集了来自心理学，神经科学和音乐的代表性不足的学生。此外，研究人员和他们的学生将与新泽西的特伦顿艺术（特伦顿青年管弦乐队）和波士顿的STEP项目（弦乐训练教育项目）组织外展和职业信息活动。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。