Research Infrastructure: RII Track 1: Integrating Montana's Environmental Research with Smart Sensors (IMERSS)

研究基础设施：RII 第 1 轨道：将蒙大拿州的环境研究与智能传感器相结合 (IMERSS)

• 批准号: 2242802
• 负责人: Robert Walker
• 金额: $ 2000万
• 依托单位: Montana State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2028-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2242802&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Research; Infrastructure; RII; Track; Integrating

Prescribed fire is increasingly being employed across the western U.S., as it is needed to mitigate and manage wildfire risk. This "Integrating Montana's Environmental Research with Smart Sensors" (IMERSS) project will improve the understanding of prescribed fire dynamics and the impact of prescribed fire on Montana’s communities and public lands by producing new sensor technologies to characterize fuel types and smoke emissions. The novel, smart optical sensor systems will contribute to the region’s economic infrastructure through partnerships with Montana’s expanding optics-based industry. Outcomes of IMERSS research will enable managers of prescribed fires to develop and refine strategies for deploying prescribed fires effectively to mitigate wildfire risk, a benefit that will extend to local and federal agencies tasked with land management and wildfire mitigation across the Western U.S. The broader impacts activities of IMERSS include an extensive internship and workforce development plan, integration of community and Tribal college participants, and a focus on K-12 education and outreach to the community. The project will create well-defined STEM professional development pathways and broaden participation across Montana in environmental, social, and engineering research. IMERSS will be administered by Montana State University in collaboration with six other institutions: University of Montana, Montana Technological University, Salish Kootenai College, Little Big Horn College, Flathead Valley Community College.IMERSS research will focus on: 1) how prescribed fire’s energy and emissions depend on fuel properties, topography, and environmental conditions, and 2) how smoke emissions from prescribed fires affect individuals and communities. To answer these questions, IMERSS will develop a new generation of smart optical sensors that couple emerging engineering technologies with advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). IMERSS will then deploy the new instruments to measure prescribed fire behavior in real time, acquiring spatially accurate, real-time data about fuels, smoke aerosol type, smoke plume height, smoke trajectory, and social acceptance of prescribed fire and smoke. The acquisition of this data will allow managers of prescribed fires to make better-informed decisions about when and where to burn, and for how long. These decisions can be shared with individuals and Montana’s community leaders to minimize the adverse effects of prescribed fire. Thus, IMERSS will produce scientifically grounded strategies for selecting the locations and the timing of prescribed fire events to maximize their benefits and mitigate wildfire and smoke risk. In doing so, IMERSS will build capacity in Montana by forging ties between researchers in environmental science, remote sensing, optical engineering, AI and ML, and social science. Four new faculty hires are planned in the first two years of the project, all in AI and ML. The core research program is well integrated with education, workforce development, and diversity plans that span academic, Tribal, public, and private sectors.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

美国西部越来越多地使用规定的火灾，因为它需要减轻和管理野火风险。这个“蒙大拿州的环境研究与智能传感器集成”（IMERSS）项目将通过生产新的传感器技术来表征燃料类型和烟雾排放，提高对规定的火灾动态和规定的火灾对蒙大拿州社区和公共土地的影响的理解。 这种新颖的智能光学传感器系统将通过与蒙大拿州不断扩大的光学产业合作，为该地区的经济基础设施做出贡献。IMERSS研究的成果将使规定的火灾管理人员制定和完善战略，有效地部署规定的火灾，以减轻野火风险，这将扩大到地方和联邦机构的好处，负责土地管理和野火缓解整个美国西部IMERSS的更广泛的影响活动包括广泛的实习和劳动力发展计划，社区和部落学院参与者的整合，并专注于K-12教育和社区推广。该项目将创建明确的STEM专业发展途径，并扩大蒙大拿州对环境，社会和工程研究的参与。IMERSS将由蒙大拿州立大学管理，并与其他六所机构合作：蒙大拿大学，蒙大拿理工大学，萨利希库特奈学院，小大角学院，平头谷社区学院。IMERSS的研究将集中在：1）规定的火的能量和排放如何取决于燃料性质、地形和环境条件，以及2）规定的火灾排放的烟雾如何影响个人和社区。 为了回答这些问题，IMERSS将开发新一代智能光学传感器，将新兴工程技术与人工智能（AI）和机器学习（ML）的进步结合起来。然后，IMERSS将部署新仪器，以真实的时间测量规定的火灾行为，获取有关燃料、烟雾气溶胶类型、烟雾羽流高度、烟雾轨迹以及社会对规定的火灾和烟雾的接受程度的空间准确的实时数据。这些数据的获取将使指定火灾的管理人员能够更好地决定何时何地燃烧以及燃烧多长时间。 这些决定可以与个人和蒙大拿州的社区领袖分享，以尽量减少规定的火灾的不利影响。 因此，IMERSS将制定有科学依据的战略，用于选择指定火灾事件的地点和时间，以最大限度地发挥其效益，减轻野火和烟雾风险。 在此过程中，IMERSS将通过在环境科学，遥感，光学工程，人工智能和ML以及社会科学的研究人员之间建立联系来建立蒙大拿州的能力。 计划在项目的前两年招聘四名新教师，全部在AI和ML领域。核心研究计划与教育、劳动力发展和跨学术、部落、公共和私营部门的多样性计划很好地结合在一起。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Parameterizations of US wildfire and prescribed fire emission ratios and emission factors based on FIREX-AQ aircraft measurements

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-24-929-2024
• 发表时间: 2024-01
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: G. Gkatzelis;M. Coggon;C. Stockwell;R. Hornbrook;H. Allen;E. Apel;M. Bela;Donald R. Blake;I. Bourgeois;S. S. Brown-S.;P. Campuzano‐Jost;J. S. St. Clair;James. H. Crawford;J. Crounse;D. Day;J. Digangi;G. Diskin;Alan Fried;J. Gilman;Hongyu Guo;J. W. Hair;H. Halliday;T. Hanisco;R. Hannun;A. Hills;L. G. Huey;J. Jimenez;J. Katich;A. Lamplugh;Young Ro Lee;Jin Liao;J. Lindaas;S. Mckeen;T. Mikoviny;B. Nault;J. Neuman;J. Nowak;D. Pagonis;J. Peischl;A. Perring;F. Piel;P. Rickly;M. A. Robinson;A. Rollins;T. Ryerson;Melinda (Mindy) Schueneman;R. Schwantes;J. Schwarz;K. Sekimoto;Vanessa Selimovic;Taylor J. Shingler;David J. Tanner;L. Tomsche;Krystal T. Vasquez;P. Veres;R. Washenfelder;P. Weibring;P. Wennberg;Armin Wisthaler;G. Wolfe;C. Womack;Lu Xu;Katherine Ball;R. Yokelson;C. Warneke

Dual Accuracy-Quality-Driven Neural Network for Prediction Interval Generation

• DOI: 10.1109/tnnls.2023.3339470
• 发表时间: 2022-12
• 期刊: IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems
• 影响因子: 10.4
• 作者: Giorgio Morales;John W. Sheppard

Assessing formic and acetic acid emissions and chemistry in western U.S. wildfire smoke: implications for atmospheric modeling

评估美国西部野火烟雾中的甲酸和乙酸排放和化学成分：对大气模型的影响

• DOI: 10.1039/d3ea00098b
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Environmental Science: Atmospheres
• 作者: Permar, Wade;Wielgasz, Catherine;Jin, Lixu;Chen, Xin;Coggon, Matthew M.;Garofalo, Lauren A.;Gkatzelis, Georgios I.;Ketcherside, Damien;Millet, Dylan B.;Palm, Brett B.
• 通讯作者: Palm, Brett B.

Connecting Collective Memory and Community Resilience: A Case Study of Anaconda, Montana

连接集体记忆和社区复原力：蒙大拿州阿纳康达案例研究

• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Rural and Community Development
• 影响因子: 0.6
• 作者: Moore, M.;Metcalf, E.;Metcalf, A.
• 通讯作者: Metcalf, A.

Emission Factors for Crop Residue and Prescribed Fires in the Eastern US During FIREX‐AQ

FIREX – AQ 期间美国东部农作物残留物和规定火灾的排放因子

• DOI: 10.1029/2023jd039309
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Travis, Katherine R.;Crawford, James. H.;Soja, Amber J.;Gargulinski, Emily M.;Moore, Richard H.;Wiggins, Elizabeth B.;Diskin, Glenn S.;DiGangi, Joshua P.;Nowak, John B.;Halliday, Hannah
• 通讯作者: Halliday, Hannah