Perceptions of Ingroup and Outgroup Morality

对内群体和外群体道德的看法

• 批准号: 2310159
• 负责人: Bertram Gawronski
• 金额: $ 63.82万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2310159&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Perceptions; Ingroup; Outgroup; Morality

Hostility between supporters of the two major political parties in the United States has increased considerably during the last decades. It is now at a level where supporters of one political party often prefer to avoid interactions with supporters of the other. Such hostility can have negative effects on society when it undermines solutions to important problems that require bi-partisan support and collaborative decision-making. This project develops a theoretical model that focuses on moral judgments as a way to explain the origin and dynamics of such of inter-party hostility. The model aims to better understand the factors that contribute to hostility between supporters of the two political parties, and how such hostility can be reduced.Nine studies address four related questions: (1) How accurate or inaccurate are partisans in guessing the actual moral judgments made by others? (2) What factors make partisans think that supporters of their own political group are morally superior to supporters of the other group? (3) What are the effects of such presumed moral superiority? (4) Can partisan divides be overcome by ameliorating the presumed moral superiority of one’s own political group? A mathematical modeling approach is used to separate three distinct aspects of actual and presumed responses in moral dilemmas. Students are also trained in these methods, acquiring advanced skills in data analysis and the use of multinomial processing tree modeling. The research provides insight into how polarization in the United States could be reduced and how obstacles to bipartisan decision-making might be mitigated.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去的几十年里，美国两个主要政党的支持者之间的敌意大大增加。现在的情况是，一个政党的支持者往往倾向于避免与另一个政党的支持者互动。当这种敌意破坏了需要两党支持和协作决策的重要问题的解决方案时，可能会对社会产生负面影响。这个项目开发了一个专注于道德判断的理论模型，作为解释这种党际敌意的来源和动态的一种方式。该模型旨在更好地理解导致两党支持者之间敌意的因素，以及如何减少这种敌意。九项研究解决了四个相关问题：(1)党派在猜测他人实际做出的道德判断时有多准确？(2)什么因素让党派认为自己政治团体的支持者在道德上优于另一个团体的支持者？(3)这种假定的道德优越性的影响是什么？(4)党派分歧可以通过改善自己政治团体假定的道德优越性来克服吗？数学建模方法被用来分离道德困境中实际反应和假定反应的三个不同方面。学生还接受了这些方法的培训，获得了数据分析和多项式处理树建模的高级技能。这项研究为如何减少美国的两极分化以及如何减少两党决策的障碍提供了洞察。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。