PFI-TT: Smart windows for on-demand control of solar heat and daylight

PFI-TT：用于按需控制太阳热能和日光的智能窗户

• 批准号: 2345804
• 负责人: Delia Milliron
• 金额: $ 55万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-02-01 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2345804&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PFI; TT; Smart; windows; demand

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Partnerships for Innovation - Technology Translation (PFI-TT) project is to revolutionize building windows and automotive glass by making them “smart” and able to control heat and daylighting on-demand. Natural lighting improves well-being and can reduce energy consumption for artificial lighting. The glass under development will darken its tint when needed to avoid uncomfortable glare while maintaining the view. Sunlight also brings energy in the form of heat into buildings and cars, especially through sunroofs. While solar heating can improve energy performance on cold days, the smart glass under development can also block unwanted heating to reduce energy required for air conditioning. To achieve significant gains in energy efficiency, the smart glass technology must be broadly deployed, which requires manufacturing at low-cost. Scalable, low-cost processing will be achieved by coating the active materials from inks over large areas of glass or plastic. By controlling both light and heat, and enabling low-cost manufacturing, the project will reshape the functionality and performance of windows by enhancing comfort and reducing unnecessary energy consumption.The proposed project will address performance limitations of existing smart windows by separately controlling solar heat gain and daylighting on demand with a low-voltage controller. The project will further enable a dramatic reduction in manufacturing cost of smart windows by allowing solution-based coatings with no high energy processing steps. Nanocrystals of niobium oxide will be coated onto glass and plastic films to develop and validate the performance of rigid and flexible electrochromic devices. These prototypes will demonstrate feasibility for building skylights and windows, and automotive glass applications to improve energy performance and comfort. To overcome barriers to technology development and deployment, the project team will develop a polymer electrolyte formulation that provides sufficient mechanical stability during bending to avoid electrical short circuits while also maintaining rapid optical switching and on-off cycling stability. Transparent conducting substrates will be selected and validated that support uniform coloration during switching, allow access to a high infrared transmissive state, and remain well-conducting during film processing and device assembly. The environmental stability of the prototypes to UV exposure and thermal cycling will be established. By reaching performance and stability milestones, the project will enable realization of the commercial potential of this dual-band smart window technology.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这种创新合作伙伴关系的更广泛的影响/商业潜力 - 技术翻译（PFI-TT）项目是通过使其“聪明”并能够控制热量和日光照射的需求来彻底改变建造窗户和汽车玻璃。自然照明可以改善福祉，并可以减少人工照明的能源消耗。开发的玻璃在需要时会使其色彩变暗，以避免在保持视野的同时避免不舒服的眩光。阳光还以热量形式带入建筑物和汽车，尤其是通过天窗。虽然太阳能加热可以在寒冷的日子上提高能源性能，但正在开发的智能玻璃也可以阻止不需要的加热，以减少空调所需的能量。为了实现能源效率的显着提高，必须广泛部署智能玻璃技术，这需要低成本制造。可扩展的低成本加工将通过在大面积的玻璃或塑料上涂上活性材料来实现。通过控制光线和热量，并实现低成本制造，该项目将通过增强舒适度并减少不必要的能源消耗来重塑窗户的功能和性能。拟议的项目将通过低电量控制器按需分别控制太阳能热增益和日光。该项目将通过允许没有高能处理步骤的基于解决方案的涂料来进一步降低智能窗口的制造成本。氧化氮化物的纳米晶体将被涂在玻璃和塑料膜上，以开发和验证刚性和柔性的电致色素设备的性能。这些原型将证明可以为建造天窗和窗户以及汽车玻璃应用提供可行性，以提高能源性能和舒适性。为了克服技术开发和部署的障碍，项目团队将开发一个聚合物电解质公式，该配方在弯曲过程中提供足够的机械稳定性，以避免电气短路，同时还保持快速的光学转换和启用循环稳定性。将选择和验证透明导电基材，以支持切换过程中均匀的着色，允许访问高红外透射状态，并在膜处理和设备组装过程中保持良好的传导。将建立原型对紫外线暴露和热循环的环境稳定性。通过达到绩效和稳定里程碑，该项目将实现这一双波段智能窗口技术的商业潜力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估审查标准，被认为是通过评估而被认为是宝贵的。