SPP 1285: Semiconductor Spintronics

SPP 1285：半导体自旋电子学

• 批准号: 26333632
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Festkörperphysik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/26333632?language=en
• 关键词: SPP; 1285; Semiconductor; Spintronics

The functional principle of semiconductor devices will change dramatically in the next 20 years, since quantum effects will become more and more predominant with the progressive decrease of structure size. Semiconductor industry foresees this upcoming revolution, which follows directly from Moore's law. However, until now nobody knows the functional principle of future semiconductor quantum devices. Traditional semiconductor devices utilise the precise control of the electrical charge. But the electrical charge might not be the best entity for quantum devices, since the coherence length of the spatial part of the electron wave function is very short. Besides the charge the electron also possesses a spin. The spin wave function is by orders of magnitude more stable than the spatial wave function and thereby better suited for quantum devices. Additionally, the energy for switching the spin orientation is much smaller than the Coulomb charging energy, which can reduce the heating problem of today semiconductor devices.

半导体器件的工作原理将在未来20年内发生巨大的变化，因为随着结构尺寸的不断减小，量子效应将变得越来越突出。半导体工业预见到了这场即将到来的革命，它直接遵循摩尔定律。然而，到目前为止，还没有人知道未来半导体量子器件的功能原理。传统的半导体器件利用电荷的精确控制。但是电荷可能不是量子器件的最佳实体，因为电子波函数空间部分的相干长度非常短。除了电荷之外，电子还具有自旋。自旋波函数比空间波函数稳定几个数量级，因此更适合于量子器件。此外，用于切换自旋取向的能量比库仑充电能量小得多，这可以减少当今半导体器件的加热问题。