Deflection modulated electron vacuum tubes

微波管领域是非常古老的，不可能找到新的原理。另一方面，新的制造技术已经成为可能，对更高频率的推动也在不断增加。这可能为实现以前不可能实现的新设备开辟道路。该提案旨在研究30 - 100 GHz范围内的轨迹调制或偏转调制器件。由于减少了空间电荷效应，预期线性度比现有器件更好，并且在单能束的情况下，抑制集电极的效率更高。尤其是平面器件，它非常适合于深x射线光刻（LIGA）和线材放电加工（EDM）等新技术。以平面振管为例，对其进行建模和仿真。在这里，连续光束通过腔谐振器并将被能量调制。在随后的偶极磁体中，光束弯曲180°并进行横向位移振荡。反向行进的光束在带电压节点的不同横向位置通过同一腔体，并将能量泵入腔体。腔内的场由噪声逐渐增大，直至达到饱和。

The field of microwave tubes is very old and it is improbable to find new principles. On the other hand, new fabricational technologies have become available and the push to higher frequencies is ever increasing. This may open avenues to realize new devices which were not possible before. The proposal aims for investigating trajectory-modulated or deflection-modulated devices in the range of 30 - 100 GHz. It is expected, that the linearity is better than in existing devices due to reduced spacecharge effects, and that the efficiency of a depressed collector is higher in case of monoenergetic beams. In particular, planar devices should be studied which are well suited for new technologies like deep x-ray lithography (LIGA) and wire electro-discharge-machining (EDM). As an example, a planar oscillator tube should be modeled and simulated. Here a continuous beam passes through a cavity resonator and will be energy modulated. In a following dipole magnet the beam is bent by 180° and performs transverse displacement oscillations. The backward traveling beam passes the same cavity at a different transverse position with a voltage node and pumps energy into the cavity. The field in the cavity builds up from noise until it reaches saturation.