Selective attention and perceptual awareness: Testing the competitive interaction hypothesis

在单侧脑损伤后，同时感知多个目标的能力可能会被破坏，从而导致神经心理综合症。消退通常被视为同侧和对侧目标刺激之间有偏见的竞争性相互作用的结果，以及神经健康受试者在被要求同时关注多个目标时所遇到的困难的夸大。本项目的总体目标是阐明多种刺激对选择性注意和知觉意识的竞争性相互作用的调节机制和解剖学。现有文献表明，颞顶叶交界处（TPJ）或顶叶内沟（IPS）在调节目标表征之间的竞争性相互作用中起着关键作用，这表明这两个区域对我们同时感知多个目标的能力都很重要。然而，与TPJ和IPS的独特贡献有关的许多问题仍然存在。在这个更新方案中，我们将追求以下四个目标：1)我们将应用我们新开发的多变量模式分析方法（MVPA）对病变数据进行解码与消失相关的解剖网络。2)我们将检验视觉注意理论（TVA）框架的预测，即异常的空间偏差和视觉短期记忆存储容量的病理减少都需要引起灭绝，并评估这种预测的空间偏差与视觉短期记忆存储容量之间相互作用的解剖学来源。3)我们将评估IPS或TPJ的神经活动暂时中断对神经健康受试者的TVA参数和消失样行为的影响。4)探讨脑卒中患者脑消光对TVA参数的调节及其与病灶位置和脑卒中恢复的关系。

The ability to perceive multiple targets simultaneously can be disrupted after unilateral brain damage that leads to the neuropsychological syndrome of extinction. Extinction is generally seen as a consequence of biased competitive interactions between the ipsilesional and contralesional target stimuli and an exaggeration of the difficulty that neurologically healthy subjects have when asked to attend to multiple targets simultaneously. The overarching goal of this project is to elucidate the mechanisms and anatomy of the modulation of competitive interactions between multiple stimuli for selective attention and perceptual awareness. The existing literature suggests a critical role for either the temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) or the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) in the modulation of competitive interactions between target representations, suggesting that both areas are important for our ability to perceive multiple target simultaneously. However, many questions related to the distinctive contributions of the TPJ versus the IPS still remain. In this renewal proposal, we will pursue the following four goals: 1) We will apply our newly developed multivariate pattern analysis method (MVPA) for lesion data to decode the anatomical network(s) associated with extinction. 2) We will test the prediction from the Theory of Visual Attention (TVA) framework that both an abnormal spatial bias and a pathological reduction of visual short-term memory storage capacity are required to elicit extinction and assess the anatomical source of this predicted interaction between spatial bias and visual short-term memory storage capacity. 3) We will assess the influence of a temporary disruption of neural activity in either the IPS or the TPJ on TVA parameters and extinction-like behaviour in neurologically healthy subjects. 4) We will investigate the TVA parameters modulated by extinction in right hemispheric stroke patients and their relationship with lesion location and stroke recovery.