Selective attention and perceptual awareness: Testing the competitive interaction hypothesis

在单侧脑损伤后，同时感知多个目标的能力可能会被破坏，从而导致神经心理消失综合症。消亡通常被认为是自我和对照目标刺激之间有偏见的竞争性相互作用的结果，以及当被要求同时关注多个目标时，神经健康的受试者所面临的困难被夸大了。这个项目的主要目标是阐明选择性注意和知觉知觉的多个刺激之间竞争相互作用的调节机制和解剖学。现有的文献表明，在调节靶代表之间的竞争性相互作用中，颞顶连接(TPJ)或顶内沟(IPS)起着关键作用，这表明这两个区域对我们同时感知多个靶的能力都很重要。然而，与TPJ相对于IPS的独特贡献有关的许多问题仍然存在。在这个更新方案中，我们将追求以下四个目标：1)我们将应用我们新开发的针对病变数据的多变量模式分析方法来解码与物种灭绝相关的解剖网络(S)。2)我们将检验视觉注意理论(TVA)框架中的预测，即视觉短期记忆存储容量的异常空间偏向和病理性降低都需要引起消退，并评估这种预测的空间偏向和视觉短期记忆存储容量之间交互作用的解剖学来源。3)我们将评估IPS或TPJ中神经活动的暂时中断对神经学健康受试者TVA参数和灭绝样行为的影响。4)研究右半球卒中患者消退调节的TVA参数及其与病变部位和卒中恢复的关系。

The ability to perceive multiple targets simultaneously can be disrupted after unilateral brain damage that leads to the neuropsychological syndrome of extinction. Extinction is generally seen as a consequence of biased competitive interactions between the ipsilesional and contralesional target stimuli and an exaggeration of the difficulty that neurologically healthy subjects have when asked to attend to multiple targets simultaneously. The overarching goal of this project is to elucidate the mechanisms and anatomy of the modulation of competitive interactions between multiple stimuli for selective attention and perceptual awareness. The existing literature suggests a critical role for either the temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) or the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) in the modulation of competitive interactions between target representations, suggesting that both areas are important for our ability to perceive multiple target simultaneously. However, many questions related to the distinctive contributions of the TPJ versus the IPS still remain. In this renewal proposal, we will pursue the following four goals: 1) We will apply our newly developed multivariate pattern analysis method (MVPA) for lesion data to decode the anatomical network(s) associated with extinction. 2) We will test the prediction from the Theory of Visual Attention (TVA) framework that both an abnormal spatial bias and a pathological reduction of visual short-term memory storage capacity are required to elicit extinction and assess the anatomical source of this predicted interaction between spatial bias and visual short-term memory storage capacity. 3) We will assess the influence of a temporary disruption of neural activity in either the IPS or the TPJ on TVA parameters and extinction-like behaviour in neurologically healthy subjects. 4) We will investigate the TVA parameters modulated by extinction in right hemispheric stroke patients and their relationship with lesion location and stroke recovery.