Selective attention and perceptual awareness: Testing the competitive interaction hypothesis

同时感知多个目标的能力可能会在单侧脑损伤后被破坏，导致神经心理学的灭绝综合征。灭绝通常被视为同病灶和对病灶目标刺激之间的有偏见的竞争性相互作用的结果，以及神经健康受试者在被要求同时注意多个目标时所具有的难度的夸大。该项目的总体目标是阐明选择性注意和知觉意识的多个刺激之间的竞争性相互作用的调制机制和解剖。现有的文献表明，无论是颞顶叶交界处（TPJ）或顶内沟（IPS）在目标表征之间的竞争性相互作用的调制的关键作用，这表明这两个领域是我们的能力，同时感知多个目标的重要。然而，仍然存在着许多与贸易点和新闻处的独特贡献有关的问题。在这个更新提案中，我们将追求以下四个目标：1）我们将应用我们新开发的病变数据的多变量模式分析方法（MVPA）来解码与灭绝相关的解剖网络。2)我们将测试的预测从视觉注意力理论（TVA）的框架，一个异常的空间偏见和病理性减少的视觉短期记忆存储容量需要引起灭绝和评估的解剖学来源的预测之间的相互作用空间偏见和视觉短期记忆存储容量。3)我们将评估暂时中断IPS或TPJ的神经活动对TVA参数和神经健康受试者的类似行为的影响。4)我们将研究右半球卒中患者的消退调制的TVA参数及其与病变位置和卒中恢复的关系。

The ability to perceive multiple targets simultaneously can be disrupted after unilateral brain damage that leads to the neuropsychological syndrome of extinction. Extinction is generally seen as a consequence of biased competitive interactions between the ipsilesional and contralesional target stimuli and an exaggeration of the difficulty that neurologically healthy subjects have when asked to attend to multiple targets simultaneously. The overarching goal of this project is to elucidate the mechanisms and anatomy of the modulation of competitive interactions between multiple stimuli for selective attention and perceptual awareness. The existing literature suggests a critical role for either the temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) or the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) in the modulation of competitive interactions between target representations, suggesting that both areas are important for our ability to perceive multiple target simultaneously. However, many questions related to the distinctive contributions of the TPJ versus the IPS still remain. In this renewal proposal, we will pursue the following four goals: 1) We will apply our newly developed multivariate pattern analysis method (MVPA) for lesion data to decode the anatomical network(s) associated with extinction. 2) We will test the prediction from the Theory of Visual Attention (TVA) framework that both an abnormal spatial bias and a pathological reduction of visual short-term memory storage capacity are required to elicit extinction and assess the anatomical source of this predicted interaction between spatial bias and visual short-term memory storage capacity. 3) We will assess the influence of a temporary disruption of neural activity in either the IPS or the TPJ on TVA parameters and extinction-like behaviour in neurologically healthy subjects. 4) We will investigate the TVA parameters modulated by extinction in right hemispheric stroke patients and their relationship with lesion location and stroke recovery.