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The social side of news: Attitude formation and expression in social networking sites under conditions of impression motivation

新闻的社会面：印象动机条件下社交网站的态度形成与表达

基本信息

批准号：
272510960
负责人：
Professor Dr. Stephan Winter
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Kommunikationspsychologie und Medienpädagogik (IKM)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/272510960?language=en
关键词：
social side news Attitude formation

项目摘要

Social media such as Facebook are increasingly used as sources of information and for discussions on political and societal topics. While these sites were originally seen as a tool for social contacts and private communication, recent studies recognized their role as primary platforms in which recipients are exposed to news and current debates, especially the younger parts of the population. The context of social media is characterized by a convergence of mass and interpersonal communication (e.g., with a juxtaposition of an article published by a news media organization and comments written by laypersons) as well as by a high level of visibility with regard to the actions of the individual user (e.g., when status updates and likes are visible for the entire contact list). Against this background, the proposed project investigates the mechanisms of attitude formation and expression in social networking sites (SNS) in comparison to previous forms of websites. Based on the heuristic-systematic model of information processing (Chaiken, Giner-Sorolla, & Chen, 1996) and the high importance of impression management in the context of SNS, it can be assumed that the evaluation of incoming information is already influenced more strongly by considerations of majority opinion and self-presentation, since SNS readers more frequently anticipate (public) discussions with others than readers of traditional news sources. Four laboratory experiments address the conditions under which SNS settings elicit this form of impression-motivated information processing and the question of how subsequent opinion expressions (e.g., via status update) and communication in the network consolidate the given attitude. As independent variables, the media context (SNS vs. "Web 1.0") and the type of presented information are manipulated. The first two studies investigate the process of attitude formation based on news articles (Study 1) and reader comments (Study 2). Study 3A and Study 3B deal with the consequences of public attitude expression for the private attitude and the effects of feedback that is given by other SNS users. On a theoretical level, the project aims at specifying the heuristic-systematic model for online and social media settings and at integrating the process of attitude expression. Furthermore, results will extend prior SNS research, which mainly focused on private contacts so far, and add to our knowledge on current media phenomena with regard to the dynamics of public opinion (which may lead to a focus on popular topics and opinions instead of a thorough consideration of the quality of arguments).

Facebook等社交媒体越来越多地被用作信息来源，并用于讨论政治和社会话题。虽然这些网站最初被视为社会联系和私人交流的工具，但最近的研究认识到，它们是接收者，特别是年轻人接触新闻和当前辩论的主要平台。社交媒体的背景特征是大众传播和人际传播的融合（例如，新闻媒体组织发布的文章和外行人撰写的评论的并列）以及关于个体用户的动作的高级别可见性（例如，当状态更新和喜欢对于整个联系人列表可见时）。在此背景下，拟议的项目调查的态度形成和表达在社交网站（SNS）的机制相比，以前的网站形式。基于信息处理的系统主义模型（Chaiken，Giner-Sorolla和Chen，1996）以及SNS背景下印象管理的高度重要性，可以假设对传入信息的评估已经受到大多数意见和自我介绍的影响，因为SNS读者比传统新闻来源的读者更频繁地期待与他人的（公开）讨论。四个实验室实验解决了SNS设置引发这种形式的印象动机信息处理的条件，以及随后的意见表达（例如，通过状态更新）和网络中的通信来巩固给定的姿态。作为独立变量，媒体上下文（SNS与“Web 1.0”）和所呈现的信息的类型被操纵。前两个研究分别考察了基于新闻报道（研究1）和读者评论（研究2）的态度形成过程。研究3A和研究3B处理的后果，公共态度表达的私人态度和反馈的影响，是由其他SNS用户。在理论层面上，该项目旨在为在线和社交媒体环境指定一个实用系统模型，并整合态度表达过程。此外，结果将扩展以前的SNS研究，其中主要集中在私人接触到目前为止，并增加了我们的知识，目前的媒体现象方面的动态舆论（这可能会导致对流行的话题和意见，而不是一个全面的考虑质量的论点）。