Genetic basis of interspecific differences in resistance to drought stress of the sister species Arabidopsis halleri and A. lyrata

姐妹种拟南芥和琴叶拟南芥抗旱性差异的遗传基础

• 批准号: 273098776
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Juliette de Meaux
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe de Meaux
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/273098776?language=en
• 关键词: Genetic; basis; interspecific; differences; resistance

Water limitation is one of the most important factors limiting crop productivity worldwide. To design sustainable strategies to optimize crop resistance to drought, much can be learned from comparing natural species with diverse ecologies. Indeed, in their natural habitat, species have optimized their strategies to survive drought without compromising overall plant fitness. Previous work in our laboratory has shown that the two species A. lyrata and A. halleri differ in their ecology as well as in their ability to activate avoidance and tolerance mechanisms in response to missing precipitation. We have shown that both the drought-tolerant A. lyrata and the drought-sensitive A. halleri have considerably reshaped their transcriptome. We further collected evidence that the two species differ in both constitutive and drought responsive metabolite levels. We now have to establish functional genetic links between phenotypic, metabolic or transcriptional differences between species and the actual ability of plants to withstand drought stress. To this end, we have developed interspecific back-cross populations. We will leverage these populations to map the genetic basis of interspecific differences in drought reactions. We will further use a bulk-segregant approach to determine gene expression and metabolic modifications associating with improved survival to drought stress. It will help differentiate stress-responsive genes that manifest a state of stress from those that actively contribute to restore homeostasis and promote resistance to drought. This will further validate the role played by functions that have been previously reported to be the target of polygenic selection. Finally, we propose to relate the genetic variation segregating in this interspecific population to global descriptors of ecological diversity, which should help transfer knowledge from the well-known Arabidopsis genus to other species and genera of major ecological or agricultural relevance. On the long term, we believe that the knowledge gained in this study has the potential to bring seminal information for the design of sustainable strategies for improving drought tolerance in crops.

水分限制是世界范围内限制作物生产力的最重要因素之一。为了设计可持续的战略来优化作物的抗旱能力，可以从比较不同生态的自然物种中学到很多东西。事实上，在它们的自然栖息地，物种已经优化了它们的策略，以在不损害整体植物适应性的情况下生存干旱。本实验室以前的工作表明，A. lyrata和A. halleri在其生态学以及在其激活回避和耐受机制以响应缺失降水的能力方面有所不同。结果表明，耐旱的A. lyrata和干旱敏感的A. halleri已经相当程度地重塑了他们的转录组。我们进一步收集的证据表明，这两个物种不同的组成和干旱响应代谢物水平。我们现在必须在物种之间的表型、代谢或转录差异与植物抵御干旱胁迫的实际能力之间建立功能性遗传联系。为此，我们开发了种间回交群体。我们将利用这些人口映射干旱反应种间差异的遗传基础。我们将进一步使用批量分离的方法来确定基因表达和代谢修饰与提高生存干旱胁迫。它将有助于区分那些表现出压力状态的压力反应基因和那些积极促进恢复体内平衡和促进抗旱性的基因。这将进一步验证先前报道的多基因选择的目标功能所发挥的作用。最后，我们建议将这种种间种群的遗传变异分离与生态多样性的全球描述符联系起来，这将有助于将知识从众所周知的拟南芥属转移到其他物种和属的主要生态或农业相关性。从长远来看，我们相信，这项研究中获得的知识有可能为设计可持续发展战略提供重要信息，以提高作物的耐旱性。