Investigation of the influence of material anisotropy on teeth excitation

声学优化对于齿轮制造商来说具有很大的优先级。由于环境限制和舒适性要求，有必要遵守极限值。特别是对于轻型结构的齿轮箱，需要进行差异化优化。为了实现这一点，一个重要的方法是使用新的制造技术减少齿轮啮合激励，从而提高材料和部件的承载能力和理想性能。为此，本项目将详细研究齿的制造所造成的影响，而重点将放在分析生成激光束熔化和齿的轧制上。渐开线齿形的滚轧已经达到了一定的发展水平，这使得这些齿形可以用于动力传动。在制造的影响方面，参考文献和自己的调查表明，轧制齿形比切削齿形具有更高的弯曲和疲劳强度。与此相反，几乎没有关于通过滚动产生的齿圈的声学行为的公开知识。只有慕尼黑技术大学在20世纪60年代出版的一份出版物描述了齿轮啮合激励除了其他原因变量之外还显著取决于齿轮的纤维结构和齿面的表面质量。此外，在相关的技术文献中，有关于更好的光滑性的一般命题，这些命题没有得到可靠的证明。因此，它们提供了深入研究问题的机会。所涉及的研究单位2已经在当前DFG项目中出现的齿轮生产制造方面取得了经验，该项目涉及使用16MnCr5粉末生产齿轮，以将冷却通道集成到车轮结构中。此外，这种制造方法为齿轮的特殊几何形状提供了巨大的潜力，这与声学和重量轻的原因有关。该项目的重点是科学验证与基于相同几何形状切割制造的齿轮相比，轧制或再生生产的齿轮的属性修改所导致的更好的声学行为。作为项目的一部分，应通过深入的基础研究提供属性修改的证据。因果关系必须在材料性能的宏观和微观水平上认识，并应集成在计算模型中。该模型考虑了不同材料特性对齿轮啮合激励的影响。

The acoustic optimization has a large priority for gear manufacturers. Because of environmental constraints and comfort requirements it is necessary to observe limiting values. Especially for gear units with lightweight construction a differentiated optimization is required. To realize that an important approach is the reduction of the gear mesh excitation using new manufacturing technologies, which lead to better load capacities and ideal properties of materials and components. For this purpose the effects caused by the manufacturing of the toothings will be investigated in detail in this project, whereas the focus will be on analysing generative laser beam melting and rolling of toothings. The rolling of toothings with involute profile has reached a level of development, which allows the use of these toothings in power transmissions. In terms of the influence of the manufacturing bibliographical references and own investigations show, that rolled toothings have higher bending and fatigue strengths compared to cutted toothings. In contrast to that there is almost no published knowledge about the acoustic behaviour of toothings produced by rolling. Just one publication by the Technical University of Munich, published in the 1960s, describes that the gear mesh excitation depends in addition to other cause variables significantly on the fibre structure of the gear wheel and the surface quality of the tooth flanks. Furthermore in relevant technical literatures there are general propositions about the topic of a better smoothness, which are not proved reliably. For this reason they provide an opportunity of profound research issues. The involved research unit 2 has already experiences in terms of the generative manufacturing of toothings emerged from a current DFG project, which deals with the production of gear wheels using 16MnCr5 powder to integrate cooling channels into the wheel's structure. Additionally this manufacturing method offers a great potential for special geometries of the gear wheel, which are relevant for acoustic and lightweight reasons. The focus of this project is the scientific verification of a better acoustic behaviour caused by property modifications of rolled or generative produced toothings compared to gear wheels manufactured by cutting based on the same geometry. As part of the project the evidence of the property modification should be provided by intensive fundamental research. The cause-effect relationships have to be recognized in a macroscopic and microscopic level of the material properties and should be integrated in an calculation model. This model is supposed to predict the gear mesh excitation in consideration of the different material properties.