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The prosodic syntax of German - language production and grammar

德语的韵律语法 - 语言产生和语法

基本信息

批准号：
274137550
负责人：
Privatdozent Dr. Gerrit Kentner
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Linguistik
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/274137550?language=en
关键词：
prosodic syntax German language production

项目摘要

Prosody indisputedly affects the choice of syntactic constructions and the order of constituents within a sentence. However, for German, neither theories of grammar nor models of language production systematically incorporate prosodic influences on sentence structure. It is largely unclear which prosodic factors affect sentence construction in German, and how strong their influence is on grammatical encoding in spontaneous speech.The aim of this project is to clarify which prosodic requirements have syntactic consequences at what stage of language production. We will use language production experiments and corpora of spontaneous speech to systematically study prosodic phenomena which may condition syntactic structure, operating beyond word boundaries. The phenomena under study cover essential parts of the prosodic hierarchy (intonation phrase, phonological phrase, word/foot). For each of these levels, we study their effect on a) the choice of syntactic construction, and b) on constituent ordering.Specifically, we test the following hypotheses:i. Prosodic phrasing and choice of syntactic constructionWhen formulating a message, speakers spontaneously consider prosodic well-formedness. The choice of syntactic construction and its position in the sentence comply with a favorable prosodic phrasing.ii. Prosodic balance and word sequenceSpeakers favor constructions that can be phrased into equal-sized prosodic constituents (prosodic balance). This preference specifically affects the ordering of flexibly linearizable constituents.iii. Rhythm and syntaxSpeakers use syntactic options to optimize the linguistic rhythm that arises from the alternation of strong and weak syllables.Based on the experimental and corpus data, we evaluate models of language production and grammar. Specifically, we review which stages of grammatical encoding are affected by which prosodic conditions and how strong the prosodic effects are in comparison to other relevant factors. Finally, we discuss a) to what extent the data can be explained in terms of grammatical constraints pertaining to the syntax-phonology interface and b) which role these constraint have in language production.

韵律无可争议地影响句法结构的选择和句子中成分的顺序。然而，对于德语来说，无论是语法理论还是语言产生模式，都没有系统地考虑韵律对句子结构的影响。在德语中，哪些韵律因素影响句子结构，以及它们对自发言语中的语法编码有多大的影响，目前还不清楚。本项目的目的是阐明哪些韵律要求在语言产生的哪个阶段产生句法后果。我们将使用语言生成实验和自发语音语料库来系统地研究可能制约句法结构的韵律现象，这些现象超越了单词的界限。研究中的现象涵盖了韵律体系的基本部分(语调短语、音素短语、词/脚)。对于每个层面，我们研究了它们对a)句法结构的选择和b)语序的影响。具体地说，我们检验了以下假设：i.韵律语法和句法结构的选择当表达信息时，说话者自发地考虑韵律结构的良好性。句法结构的选择及其在句子中的位置符合良好的韵律短语。韵律平衡和词序说话者喜欢可以被表达成相同大小的韵律成分的结构(韵律平衡)。这一偏好特别影响可灵活线性化的成分的排序。节奏和句法说话者使用句法选项来优化强弱音节交替产生的语言节奏。基于实验和语料库数据，我们评估了语言产生和语法的模型。具体地说，我们回顾了语法编码的哪些阶段受到哪些韵律条件的影响，以及与其他相关因素相比，韵律影响的强度有多大。最后，我们讨论了a)在多大程度上可以用与句法-音系接口有关的语法约束来解释数据，以及b)这些约束在语言产生中起到了什么作用。