Dynamic Conflict Management: Using performance monitoring to guide stable adjustment in task performance and flexible task selection in self-organized multitasking environments.

动态冲突管理：利用性能监控指导自组织多任务环境中任务性能的稳定调整和灵活的任务选择。

• 批准号: 274918212
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Andrea Kiesel, since 10/2021
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Allgemeine Psychologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/274918212?language=en
• 关键词: Dynamic; Conflict; Management; Using; performance

Cognitive control describes a set of regulatory mechanisms that allow for stability and flexibility in behavior. This is perhaps most obvious in multitasking. Executing multiple tasks in rapid succession requires the stable maintenance of task goals to successfully perform individual tasks. Additionally it requires flexible switching between tasks to schedule the order of events appropriately. Control is often triggered by critical events (e.g. conflict between mutual incompatible responses) that signal the need to modify previous behavior. Recent research suggested that conflict during task performance has a two-fold function. One the one hand, it signals the need for more stability and improved task focus. On the other hand, it acts as a "Switch" cue that signals the opportunity to disengage from a currently difficult task; thereby conflict increases flexibility in task choices. Yet, it has been suggested that the signaling function of conflict critically depends on its utility within a given context. For instance, proactive control is the result of a learning process that specifies when and where to expect conflict more or less frequent. In this project we aim to investigate such proactive control for task choices and task performance during multitasking. More specifically, one goal of this project is to assess how proactive control of conflict during task performance informs the selection of tasks; furthermore, we will test how the possibility to choose tasks changes proactive control during task performance. Now, suppose that conflict has such a signaling function, the question arises how it can impact on stability and flexibility. According to theoretical models conflict is registered as a negative affective signal which then serves as a common currency to inform different control mechanisms. Another goal of this project is to test this assumption and to provide evidence that conflict in multitasking elicits negative affect, and to assess how conflict-triggered affect informs proactive control. Finally, the current project aims to investigate how the control mechanisms under investigation can be applied to motor control. Therefore, we will systematically compare control principles in cognitive and motor control and probe a possible transfer of proactive control across domains.

认知控制描述了一组允许行为稳定性和灵活性的调节机制。这在多任务处理中可能最为明显。快速连续执行多个任务需要稳定维护任务目标才能成功执行各个任务。此外，它还需要在任务之间灵活切换，以适当地安排事件的顺序。控制通常由关键事件（例如相互不兼容的响应之间的冲突）触发，这些事件表明需要修改以前的行为。最近的研究表明，任务执行过程中的冲突有双重作用。一方面，它表明需要更高的稳定性和更好的任务重点。另一方面，它充当“转换”提示，表明有机会摆脱当前困难的任务；因此，冲突增加了任务选择的灵活性。然而，有人认为，冲突的信号功能关键取决于其在特定背景下的效用。例如，主动控制是学习过程的结果，该学习过程指定了冲突发生的时间和地点。在这个项目中，我们的目标是研究多任务处理过程中对任务选择和任务绩效的主动控制。更具体地说，该项目的一个目标是评估任务执行过程中冲突的主动控制如何影响任务的选择；此外，我们将测试选择任务的可能性如何改变任务执行过程中的主动控制。现在，假设冲突具有这样的信号功能，那么问题就出现了它如何影响稳定性和灵活性。根据理论模型，冲突被记录为负面情感信号，然后作为通用货币来通知不同的控制机制。该项目的另一个目标是测试这一假设，并提供证据证明多任务处理中的冲突会引发负面影响，并评估冲突引发的影响如何影响主动控制。最后，当前项目旨在研究如何将正在研究的控制机制应用于电机控制。因此，我们将系统地比较认知和运动控制中的控制原理，并探讨主动控制跨领域转移的可能性。