Understanding NEETS. Individual and institutional determinants of youth inactivity in France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, and the UK.

背景：许多国家有大量未就业、未接受教育或培训的年轻人。这些青年被认为是一个单一的弱势群体，有可能遭受长期的社会经济边缘化。成本很高，政策制定者一再表示迫切关注。然而，现有的NEET研究有重要的局限性，因为它忽略了NEET的模式，原因和后果的重要异质性问题：（1）NEET的模式是什么？(2)NEET的原因是什么？（a）个人特征、（B）国家体制和政策以及（c）它们之间的相互作用在多大程度上能够解释15-29岁的年轻人进入和脱离NEET时期的可能性？(3)NEET的后果是什么？//理论：我们整合了社会学和劳动经济学的理论来解释个人和机构特征与NEET//数据/方法之间的关系：首先，纵向国家数据进行分析，研究个人和机构对NEET轨迹的影响。通过定量研究和个案研究，了解NEET的模式，评估个体之间的效应异质性，揭示NEET风险的潜在机制。第二，跨国分析评估调查结果的普遍性//相关性：该项目为关于青年边缘化和从学校到工作的过渡的研究提供了重要的见解。政策咨询委员会保证成果的政策相关性

Background: Many countries have large numbers of young people Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEETs). These youth are believed to be a homogeneously vulnerable group, risking detrimental long-term socioeconomic marginalization. Costs are high and policy-makers repeatedly voice urgent concerns. Yet, existing NEET research has important limitations, as it ignores important heterogeneity in the patterns, causes and consequences of NEET // Questions: (1) What are the patterns of NEET? (2) What are the causes of NEET? To what extent can (a) individual characteristics, (b) countries institutions and policies, and (c) their interactions explain the probability that young people 15-29 make transitions into and out of NEET periods? (3) What are the consequences of NEET? //Theory: We integrate theories from sociology and labour economics to explain relations between individual and institutional characteristics and NEET//Data/methods: First, longitudinal country data are analysed to study individual and institutional effects on trajectories in and out of NEET. Quantitative methods and case studies are employed to understand NEET patterns, to assess effect heterogeneity between individuals and reveal underlying mechanisms of NEET risks. Second, cross-national analyses assess generalizability of findings//Relevance: The project contributes important insights to research on youth marginalisation and school-to-work transitions. A policy advisory board guarantees policy relevance of results