Tantra and the global religious history of the 19th and 20th century

该项目旨在重建一个哲学坦陀罗的谱系，远离性实践，在当代关于科学和宗教之间关系的辩论的背景下。这一重建将在十九世纪和二十世纪全球宗教史的背景下进行。它将集中在英国殖民法官，密宗和密宗学者约翰伍德罗夫（1865-1936）。虽然它得到了很少的学术关注，伍德罗夫的作品是具有决定性的重要性，全球接受一个哲学密宗，无论是在“深奥”和学术背景。对伍德罗夫著作的广泛分析将试图阐述他对密宗、宗教和科学的理解，这些理解是在印度学/佛教、新印度教、密宗和孟加拉改革密宗的背景下进行的。在此之后，将讨论伍德罗夫所依赖的十九世纪末和二十世纪初关于密宗的神学论述，以理解他的思想是以前全球交流的产物。在此基础上，从二十世纪上半叶开始，伍德罗夫在科学和神秘主义中的双重接受将被审查，特别关注这些话语之间的边界上的新兴作品。最后，这些关于坦陀罗的论述将在十九世纪和二十世纪全球宗教史的背景下进行讨论。

This project aims to reconstruct the genealogy of a philosophical Tantra that distances itself from sexual practices, within the context of contemporary debates about the relationship between science and religion. This reconstruction will be carried out in the context of a global religious history of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It will focus on the British colonial judge, esotericist and Tantra scholar John Woodroffe (1865-1936). Although it has received little scholarly attention, Woodroffe's oeuvre was of decisive importance for the global reception of a philosophical Tantra, both in "esoteric" and academic contexts. An extensive analysis of Woodroffe's writings would seek to elaborate his understandings of Tantra, religion and science in the contexts of Indology/Religionswissenschaft, Advaitic Neo-Hinduism, esotericism and Bengali Reform-Tantra. Following on from this, theosophical discourses about Tantra in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, on which Woodroffe depended, would be discussed, in order to understand his ideas as a product of previous global exchanges. On this basis, the double reception of Woodroffe in science and esotericism from the first half of the twentieth century onward will be examined, with a special focus on the emerging works on the boundary between these discourses. Finally, these discourses about Tantra would be discussed in the context of a global history of religions in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.