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Neurocognitive Mechanismus of Individual Differences: Genes, Brain, Personality and Cognition

个体差异的神经认知机制：基因、大脑、人格与认知

基本信息

批准号：
28300297
负责人：
Professor Dr. Christian Fiebach
金额：
--
依托单位：
Abteilung Neurokognitive Psychologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Independent Junior Research Groups
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2005-12-31 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/28300297?language=en
关键词：
Neurocognitive Mechanismus Individual Differences Genes

项目摘要

Even though working memory is one of the most-investigated fields of neurocognition, neural mechanisms underlying inter-individual differences in working memory capacity and higher cognitive abilities (intelligence, complex problem solving) are poorly understood. Three potential sources of variability may contribute to these higher cognitive abilities: variability in component processes of cognition, personality differences, and variability of dopamine neurotransmitter activity. This research project integrates these at present mostly unconnected research strands, and explores their relations and their contribution to higher cognition at a neurocognitive level. Parallel fMRI and MEG/EEG data will be acquired from a single large pool of individuals selected based on genotyping of a gene that modulates prefrontal dopamine concentrations. Neurocognitive markers (fMRI and MEG/EEGbrain activation, interregional functional connectivities, morphometry) of cognitive component processes underlying higher intellectual abilities will be isolated and then related to behavioral measures of higher cognition, personality, and COMT genotype using multi-variate statistics. This neurocognitive inter-individual differences approach will provide important insights into the biological mechanisms underlying normal variability in intellectual abilities in healthy adults. In addition, this work will provide a better neurocognitive basis for understanding brain disorders that lead to intellectual impairments.

尽管工作记忆是神经认知研究最多的领域之一，但人们对工作记忆容量和较高认知能力(智力、复杂问题解决能力)的个体差异背后的神经机制知之甚少。三个可能的可变性来源可能有助于这些较高的认知能力：认知成分过程中的可变性，个性差异，以及多巴胺神经递质活动的可变性。这项研究项目整合了这些目前几乎没有联系的研究线索，并在神经认知水平上探索它们之间的关系以及它们对更高认知的贡献。平行的fMRI和MEG/EEG数据将从单个大型个体池中获得，这些个体是根据调节前额叶多巴胺浓度的基因分型选出的。认知成分过程的神经认知标记物(fMRI和MEG/EEG脑激活、区域间功能连接性、形态测量)将被分离出来，然后使用多变量统计与更高认知、人格和COMT基因的行为测量相关联。这种神经认知个体间差异的方法将为健康成年人智力正常变异背后的生物学机制提供重要的见解。此外，这项工作将为理解导致智力障碍的大脑障碍提供更好的神经认知基础。