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Improving Camelina seed oil production by modulating mucilage synthesis

通过调节粘液合成提高亚麻荠籽油产量

基本信息

批准号：
284096413
负责人：
Professor Dr. Björn Usadel
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318 INRA-AgroParisTech
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/284096413?language=en
关键词：
Improving Camelina seed oil production

项目摘要

Camelina is emerging as an alternative oilseed crop due to its resistance to adverse growth conditions and the quality of its oil for nutrition or biofuel production. Essentially an ancient crop, relatively little selection has been carried out and there is an enormous potential for breeding and improvement. Camelina sativa is a member of the Brassicaceae family, which includes a number of economically important crops, and its agronomic attributes make it an excellent complement to their production. Nevertheless, development of the agronomic potential of Camelina is currently limited as relatively few genetic and genomic resources are available. Increased oil contents have been achieved in Arabidopsis, a close relative of Camelina, by reducing the production of the polysaccharides that form seed mucilage through the mutation of a transcription factor. Mucilage polysaccharides are accumulated in the epidermal cells of the seed coat during seed development and these hydrophilic polymers are released during imbibition. Furthermore, mucilage polysaccharides act as emulsifiers and sequester oil, and their removal from seeds should improve extractability. In the CASOM project we aim to increase oil production in Camelina by reducing the production of mucilage. This will be carried out in proof of concept studies by site-specific mutation of gene homologs for two transcription regulators identified in Arabidopsis as required for mucilage synthesis. A novel seed micropress system will be exploited to validate their effect on oil extraction. The molecular genetic characterization of one of the transcription factors, recently identified by the project partners, will also be carried out. In parallel, transcriptomic and genome wide association studies will be used to identify novel Camelina gene candidates that can be used to modify mucilage production and improve oil extraction. Transcriptome data will be obtained for the seed coat epidermal cells at different developmental stages and data will be filtered against transcriptomes from other plant tissues. For GWAS, sequence polymorphisms will be identified from genome resequencing data for around 200 Camelina accessions from diverse backgrounds. This data will also contribute to our characterisation of the genetic variability between Camelina. The transcriptome and genome sequence data will be made freely available to other researchers in a user friendly web resource and will thus contribute to improving the genomic resources available for future studies.The CASOM project involves the collaboration of one French and one German partner with complementary expertise and a solid background in seed and polysaccharide research. The primary objectives of CASOM are (1) to validate that reducing mucilage production in Arabidopsis and Camelina through transcription regulators can increase oil contents and extractability and (2) to identify novel targets for the modulation of mucilage production in Camelina.

亚麻荠正在成为一种替代油料作物，因为它能抵抗不利的生长条件，而且其油的质量可用于营养或生物燃料生产。基本上是一种古老的作物，相对较少的选择已经进行，有一个巨大的潜力，育种和改进。亚麻荠（Camelina sativa）是亚麻科植物家族的成员，该家族包括许多经济上重要的作物，并且其农艺学属性使其成为其生产的极好补充。然而，亚麻荠属的农艺潜力的开发目前受到限制，因为相对较少的遗传和基因组资源是可用的。拟南芥是亚麻荠属植物的近亲，通过转录因子的突变减少形成种子粘液的多糖的产生，增加了油含量。粘液多糖在种子发育过程中积累在种皮的表皮细胞中，这些亲水性聚合物在吸胀过程中释放。此外，粘液多糖作为乳化剂和隔离油，从种子中除去它们将提高可提取性。在CASOM项目中，我们的目标是通过减少粘液的产生来增加亚麻荠的石油产量。这将通过在拟南芥中鉴定为粘液合成所需的两种转录调节因子的基因同源物的位点特异性突变来进行概念验证研究。将开发一种新型的种子显微压榨系统来验证它们对油提取的影响。还将对项目伙伴最近确定的一种转录因子进行分子遗传学鉴定。与此同时，转录组学和全基因组关联研究将用于鉴定新的亚麻荠属候选基因，其可用于修饰粘液产生和改善油提取。将获得不同发育阶段的种皮表皮细胞的转录组数据，并将针对来自其他植物组织的转录组过滤数据。对于GWAS，将从来自不同背景的约200个亚麻荠属种质的基因组重测序数据中鉴定序列多态性。这些数据也将有助于我们的亚麻荠属之间的遗传变异的特征。转录组和基因组序列数据将通过一个用户友好的网络资源免费提供给其他研究人员，从而有助于改善未来研究的基因组资源。CASOM项目涉及一个法国和一个德国合作伙伴的合作，他们在种子和多糖研究方面具有互补的专业知识和坚实的背景。CASOM的主要目标是（1）验证通过转录调节剂减少拟南芥和亚麻荠中的粘液产生可以增加油含量和可提取性，以及（2）鉴定用于调节亚麻荠中粘液产生的新靶标。