Resilience to salinity in tomato

西红柿对盐分的抵抗力

• 批准号: 420584193
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Björn Usadel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/420584193?language=en
• 关键词: Resilience; salinity; tomato

Agriculture will have to feed an increasing world population, using a decreasing arable land surface. This is all the more challenging, since the quality of some of our best soils is under threat. Salinity is an increasing problem, in particular in coastal or irrigated areas. Due to climate change, these traditionally fertile areas suffer from increases in soil salinity, reaching concentrations higher than tolerated by current cultivation practices. In the near future these areas will no longer be suitable for cultivating food unless we adopt novel production practices, including the use of novel resilient plant varieties and/or treating plants with natural agents that make them more resilient. For plants to be resilient to abiotic stresses like salinity and drought, the root system is of vital importance. Roots are the primary organs that adapt their architecture and physiology to drought and salt stress. Their performance is key to the ability of the whole plant to recruit nutrients and water. However, we have limited knowledge of how the root functions and this translates into a limited capability to control plant resilience to abiotic stress.In recent years we have started to discover the role and importance of root architecture, stress QTLs and the interaction of plant roots with mycorrhiza. Novel developments in biostimulants show that it is possible to affect root functioning and resilience towards abiotic stress such as high-salinity. However, despite the potential for agriculture, there is very limited knowledge on the mechanisms through which biostimulants act. The goal of ROOT is firstly to provide fundamental knowledge on how to improve the resilience of crop root systems towards salinity stress. We will focus on tomato because it is an important field crop in European areas threatened by salinization, and it has many well-organized resources (well annotated genome, genetic resources).Key aspects to be addressed by ROOT:- Control tomato root architecture by identifying key regulating genes in tomato.- Identify QTLs and markers that are predictive for adaptive root architectures and resilience to salt stress in tomato.- Understand the mechanism by which biostimulants contribute to tomato resilience under salinity stress conditions, and understand theirmode of actionSecondly, ROOT will provide practical knowledge on strategies for reinforcing tomato resilience towards abiotic stress, and go from the lab to the field. ROOT will contribute to developing future cultivation systems for tomato in areas threatened by salinization. The biostimulants that we work with in ROOT will contribute to tomato resilience in the short term, and will create novel opportunities for farmers to operate in areas which are under threat of salinity. The QTLs and markers for root adaptability to salt stress discovered in ROOT will contribute to more resilient tomato varieties in the longer term.

农业将不得不用日益减少的可耕地面积来养活日益增加的世界人口。由于我们一些最好的土壤质量受到威胁，这就更具挑战性。盐度是一个日益严重的问题，特别是在沿海或灌溉地区。由于气候变化，这些传统上肥沃的地区遭受土壤盐分增加，达到高于目前种植方法所能容忍的浓度。在不久的将来，这些地区将不再适合种植粮食，除非我们采用新的生产方法，包括使用新的弹性植物品种和/或用天然试剂处理植物，使其更具弹性。为了使植物能够适应盐和干旱等非生物胁迫，根系至关重要。根是适应干旱和盐胁迫的主要器官。它们的表现是整个植物吸收营养和水分的关键。近年来，人们开始发现根构型、胁迫QTL以及植物根系与菌根的相互作用在植物抗逆中的作用和重要性。生物刺激剂的新发展表明，它有可能影响根系功能和对非生物胁迫（如高盐度）的恢复力。然而，尽管在农业方面具有潜力，但对生物刺激剂作用机制的了解非常有限。ROOT的目标首先是提供关于如何提高作物根系对盐胁迫的恢复力的基础知识。我们将重点关注番茄，因为它是受盐碱化威胁的欧洲地区的重要大田作物，并且它拥有许多组织良好的资源（注释良好的基因组，遗传资源）。ROOT要解决的关键方面：-通过识别番茄中的关键调控基因来控制番茄根结构。确定预测番茄适应性根结构和盐胁迫恢复力的QTL和标记。了解生物刺激剂在盐胁迫条件下对番茄恢复力的作用机制，并了解其作用模式。其次，ROOT将提供有关增强番茄对非生物胁迫恢复力的策略的实用知识，并从实验室走向田间。ROOT将有助于在受盐碱化威胁的地区开发未来的番茄种植系统。我们在ROOT中使用的生物刺激剂将在短期内有助于番茄的恢复力，并将为农民在受盐度威胁的地区创造新的机会。在ROOT中发现的根系盐胁迫适应性的QTL和标记将有助于培育更有韧性的番茄品种。