Functional non-coding RNA genes conferring beneficial traits to Camelina

赋予亚麻荠有益性状的功能性非编码RNA基因

• 批准号: 506642-2017
• 负责人: Bureau, Thomas
• 金额: $ 13.38万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=694081
• 关键词: Functional; non; coding; RNA; genes

Climate change and environmental pollution will have a great impact on food security worldwide. The temperature increases cause, and will continue causing, more frequent drought events and, as such, an increasing concentrations of soluble chemicals (such as salt) in the field. In addition, the persistent expansion of aridity will carry a drastic "over use" of fields causing the depletion of essential nutritional components of the soil such as nitrogen. Therefore, it is prudent to respond by developing major improvements in plant breeding programs and agricultural technology. The power combination of functional genomics, bioinformatics and phenomics is key to achieve this objective. In recent years, the use of non-coding RNAs asimportant targets for breeding agricultural trait-improvements have been spotlighted because of their role in environment conditions regulating genes related to the growth and yield productivity of crops. Phenomics is the large scale study of the dynamic characteristics (physical and biochemical traits or phenotype) of an organism. Modern phenomics platforms use specialize sensors with different spectral characteristics to capture subtle phenotypic changes over time at high-throughput in a non-invasive way such as growth rate, height, canopy structure, water content in leaves, pre-wilting condition, and transpiration rate. In such a way, the responses of non-coding RNA genes under different (abiotic) stress conditions can be evaluated. Camelina sativa is an important economical crop in Canada due to its nutritional properties (high content of omega-3 and omega-l fatty acids and vitamin E) as well as its potential use for biofuel production. In this project, we proposed to screen hundreds of non-coding RNAs under different stress conditions using a combined approach of genomicsand phenomics in different environments to identify Camelina sativa responsive genes to agricultural important traits. This study will not only provide a set of most promising germplasm lines but also a complete phenotypic profile at different development stages under diverse stress conditions as essential elements in breeding and bio-engineering programs to develop climate-change-resilient plants.

气候变化和环境污染将对全球粮食安全产生重大影响。温度升高导致并将继续导致更频繁的干旱事件，因此，田地中可溶性化学物质（例如作为盐）的浓度增加。此外，干旱的持续扩大将导致土地的过度使用，导致土壤中基本营养成分（如氮）的耗尽。因此，通过发展植物育种计划和农业技术的重大改进来应对是谨慎的。功能基因组学、生物信息学和表型组学的结合是实现这一目标的关键。近年来，利用非编码RNA作为育种的重要靶点，在环境条件下调控与作物生长和产量相关的基因，已引起人们的广泛关注。表型组学是对生物体的动态特征（物理和生化特征或表型）的大规模研究。现代表型组学平台使用具有不同光谱特征的专用传感器，以非侵入性方式高通量捕获随时间推移的细微表型变化，如生长速率，高度，冠层结构，叶片含水量，预枯萎条件和蒸腾速率。以这种方式，可以评估非编码RNA基因在不同（非生物）胁迫条件下的响应。亚麻荠是加拿大重要的经济作物，因为它的营养特性（高含量的ω-3和ω-1脂肪酸和维生素E）以及它在生物燃料生产中的潜在用途。本项目拟利用基因组学和表型学相结合的方法，在不同环境条件下筛选亚麻荠在不同胁迫条件下的数百个非编码RNA，以鉴定亚麻荠重要农艺性状的响应基因。这项研究不仅将提供一组最有前途的种质系，而且还将提供在不同胁迫条件下不同发育阶段的完整表型谱，作为育种和生物工程计划的基本要素，以开发适应气候变化的植物。