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Risk practices in politics and the financial sector: A comparative analysis of their characteristics and of translational dynamics across social fields

政治和金融领域的风险实践：对其特征和跨社会领域转化动态的比较分析

基本信息

批准号：
288540449
负责人：
Professor Dr. Jürgen Beyer
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Soziologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/288540449?language=en
关键词：
Risk practices politics financial sector

项目摘要

The handling of complex risk has become one of the key challenges of contemporary societies. Economic, political, and civil actors converge on the assumption that risks can in principle be managed and controlled. However, at the same time, following the conjecture that risks are inherently socially constructed, there are concurrent understandings of what risks are, how they should be evaluated and dealt with in different social fields. This is particularly evident in the financial sector and in politics, where risk often carries very different meanings. Whereas in the financial sector, risk and accompanying chances are positively associated, political actors, at least in many western democracies, try to avoid or minimize risk wherever possible. These differences in construals of the very meaning of risk can become societal challenges, for example regarding the interactions between and the coordination of different social fields, the hegemonic understandings of risk, and adequate strategies of managing and controlling risk. Until now, only very little is known about these different understandings and their consequences for interaction and coordination between social fields. Taking the financial- and Euro-crises as a starting point, the objectives of the project are (a) to analyze specific meanings and understandings of risk in the financial sector and the field of professional politics, (b) to investigate how the meanings of risk shift as a consequence of interactions between fields. In particular, we aim at reconstructing the diverse and multi-facetted translation processes underlying these shifts. The project is based on the thesis of increasing interactions and interweavings between the two fields, which are consequential regarding the very meaning of risk as a point of reference in political and economic action, at least requiring some effort at dialogue over different understandings of risk. Hence, we seek to understand the social consequences of the specific understandings of risk in the financial sector becoming a reference point of political action, and of political decisions becoming a datum of the decisions of financial market actors. Overall, we seek to develop an empirically substantiated theoretical conception of the different meanings and understandings of risk and their consequences for action in the financial sector and the field of professional politics.

复杂风险的处理已成为当代社会的主要挑战之一。经济、政治和民间行为者都假设风险原则上是可以管理和控制的。然而，与此同时，在推测风险本质上是社会建构的之后，对于什么是风险，在不同的社会领域应该如何评估和处理风险，存在着共同的理解。这一点在金融部门和政治领域尤为明显，因为风险往往具有非常不同的含义。在金融领域，风险和伴随而来的机会是正相关的，而政治参与者，至少在许多西方民主国家，试图尽可能避免或减少风险。这些对风险含义的不同理解可能成为社会挑战，例如不同社会领域之间的互动和协调，对风险的霸权理解以及管理和控制风险的适当战略。到目前为止，人们对这些不同的理解及其对社会领域之间互动和协调的影响知之甚少。本课题以金融危机和欧洲危机为出发点，目的在于：（a）分析金融领域和专业政治领域中风险的具体含义和理解;（B）研究风险的含义如何随着领域间的相互作用而发生变化。特别是，我们的目标是重建这些转变背后的多样化和多方面的翻译过程。该项目基于两个领域之间日益增加的互动和交织的论点，这对于风险作为政治和经济行动中的参考点的意义是重要的，至少需要就风险的不同理解进行对话。因此，我们试图理解对金融部门风险的具体理解成为政治行动的参考点，以及政治决策成为金融市场参与者决策的基准的社会后果。总的来说，我们试图发展一个经验证实的理论概念的不同含义和理解的风险及其后果的行动，在金融部门和专业政治领域。