Consumer community structure and ecosystem functioning

消费者社区结构和生态系统功能

• 批准号: 289430751
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Ulrich Brose
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Ökosystemanalysen
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/289430751?language=en
• 关键词: Consumer; community; structure; ecosystem; functioning

Biodiversity has been shown to affect a wide range of ecosystem functions, but the underlying mechanisms still are debated. Recently, the necessity of a multitrophic perspective has been highlighted to explain biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships. Previous research in grassland biodiversity experiments has shown strong bottom-up effects of plant diversity on trophic and non-trophic interactions, resulting in differences in consumer community structure, interaction frequencies, and ecological network topology. However, the consequences of changing consumer community and network structure for ecosystem functioning have remained unexplored. Plants are embedded in a network of multi-trophic interactions, and these interactions likely are important drivers of ecosystem functions. A multitrophic biodiversity-ecosystem functioning perspective may be particularly important when multiple ecosystem functions are considered. This subproject will synthesize existing data from the Jena Experiment and related platforms to explore how plant diversity-driven changes in consumer community and network structure influences (multiple) ecosystem functions. The proposed subproject consists of three work packages (WPs). In WP1, we relate consumer community structure to ecosystem functioning, using structural equation modelling and building on taxonomic and species interaction data collected across above- and belowground systems within the Jena Experiment. In WP2, we study consequences of changes in consumer community structure for mass and energy fluxes in systems differing in plant diversity. These data and analyses will, for the first time, allow system-wide comparisons across all plots of the Jena Experiment. In addition, these analyses will be used to generalize across different biodiversity experiments worldwide, with respect to above-belowground mass and energy flow. Finally, in WP3, we will study effects of soil and plant community history (DeLT-BEF Experiment in the Main Experiment) and temporal changes in consumer-driven ecosystem functions (Main and Trait-Based Experiment). This subproject will analyze and integrate data from almost all current subprojects allowing to study the effects of changes in multi-trophic community and network structure on multiple ecosystem functions. To our knowledge, this has rarely been done in terrestrial ecosystems, and the Jena Experiment provides a worldwide unique platform of data and scientific collaborations to tackle this task in a biodiversity experiment.

生物多样性已被证明影响了广泛的生态系统功能，但其潜在机制仍存在争议。最近，从多营养角度解释生物多样性与生态系统功能关系的必要性得到了强调。草地生物多样性实验研究表明，植物多样性对营养和非营养相互作用具有很强的自下而上的影响，导致消费者群落结构、相互作用频率和生态网络拓扑结构的差异。然而，改变消费者群体和网络结构对生态系统功能的影响仍未得到探索。植物嵌入在一个多营养相互作用的网络中，这些相互作用可能是生态系统功能的重要驱动力。当考虑多种生态系统功能时，多营养生物多样性-生态系统功能的观点可能特别重要。本子项目将综合来自耶拿实验和相关平台的现有数据，探索植物多样性驱动的消费者群体和网络结构变化如何影响（多重）生态系统功能。建议的子项目由三个工作包（wp）组成。在WP1中，我们将消费者群落结构与生态系统功能联系起来，使用结构方程模型，并基于耶拿实验中收集的地上和地下系统的分类和物种相互作用数据。在WP2中，我们研究了不同植物多样性系统中消费者群落结构变化对质量和能量通量的影响。这些数据和分析将首次允许在耶拿实验的所有地块之间进行全系统比较。此外，这些分析将用于概括全球不同的生物多样性实验，涉及地下质量和能量流。最后，在WP3中，我们将研究土壤和植物群落历史的影响（主实验中的DeLT-BEF实验）和消费者驱动的生态系统功能的时间变化（主和性状基础实验）。该子项目将分析和整合几乎所有现有子项目的数据，以研究多营养群落和网络结构的变化对多种生态系统功能的影响。据我们所知，在陆地生态系统中很少这样做，而耶拿实验为在生物多样性实验中解决这一任务提供了一个全球独特的数据和科学合作平台。